Preoperative Vision, Gender, and Operation Time Predict Visual Improvement After Epiretinal Membrane Vitrectomy: A Retrospective Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Fovea-attached type ERM can be classified as Group 1A: ERM with mainly outer retinal thickening and maintained a nearly normal configuration, Group 1B: more exaggerated tenting of outer retinal layer in the fovea area and inner retina distorted by centripetal and anteroposterior forces due to ERM, and group 1C: prominent inner retina thickening with inward tenting of the outer retinal reflectivity in the foveal area. Group 1A and 1C are globally adherent to the retina, while Group 1B is focally adherent.

Table 1 Patient Postoperative Demographics

Total Number of Eyes	50 Eyes
Mean Postoperative IOP (mmHg)	15.1 (12.5–17.6)
Mean Postoperative BCVA (LogMAR)	0.22 (−0.07–0.51)
Mean Postoperative CRT (μm)	365.3 (313.0–417.6)
Cataract surgery, N	34 (85%)
Complications, N
Elevated IOP (medication necessary)	9 (18%)
ERM Recurrence	0
Endophthalmitis	0

Table 2 ANOVA ERM Subgroup Analysis

ERM Classification	Operation Time	ΔBCVA	ΔCRT
1A (7)	25.3	−0.50	−57.0
	(21.0 ~ 29.6)	(−0.74 ~ −0.26)	(−93.1 ~ −20.9)
1B (17)	25.8	−0.43	−132.8
	(18.9 ~ 32.3)	(−0.59 ~ −0.27)	(−198.8 ~ −66.8)
1C (26)	26.7	−0.42	−158.0
	(21.6 ~ 31.8)	(−0.68 ~ −0.16)	(−229.0 ~ −87.0)
ANOVA	P=0.8069	P=0.7178	P=0.0041

Abbreviations: BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; ERM, epiretinal membrane; CRT, central retinal thickness.

Table 3 Multivariate Models for Predicting Operation Outcome

Multivariate Logistic Regression
Parameters	Estimate	Standard Error	Wald Chi-Square	Odds Ratio	P value
Intercept	−1.78	0.90	3.92		0.04*
If Male	0.72	0.33	4.75	4.22	0.02*
BCVApre	2.63	1.29	4.17	13.82	0.04*
Multiple Linear Regression
Parameters	Estimate	Standard Error	Type II SS	F Value	P value
Intercept	0.07	0.14	0.01	0.24	0.62
Operation Time	−0.01	0.01	0.26	6.19	0.01*
BCVApre	−0.22	0.11	0.17	4.10	0.04*

Note: *p<0.05.

Abbreviation: BCVApre, preoperative BCVA (logMAR).

Figure 2 (A) Comparison of proportion of male gender between groups with different visual outcomes. (B) Comparison of preoperative BCVA (LogMAR) between groups with different visual outcomes.