Population-Based Incidence of Ocular Neovascularization Following Central Retinal Artery Occlusion in Olmsted County, Minnesota

Figures & data

Table 1 General Characteristics of Patients With and Without Ocular Neovascularization After Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

General Characteristics	Total (n = 89) [n (%)]	Without Ocular Neovascularization (n = 75) [n (%)]	With Ocular Neovascularization (n = 14) [n (%)]	P-value
Sex				0.771
Male	50 (56)	43 (57)	7 (50)
Female	39 (44)	32 (43)	7 (50)
Race				0.610
White	79 (89)	67 (89)	12 (86)
Asian	4 (5)	2 (3)	2 (14)
Black	3 (3)	3 (4)	0 (0)
Other	3 (3)	3 (4)	0 (0)
Age Median (range)	76.3 (46.2–100.2)	77.7 (46.2–100.2)	71.1 (52.1–91.9)	0.329
History of smoking	45 (51)	40 (53)	5 (36)	0.258
Diabetes mellitus	26 (29)	17 (23)	9 (64)	0.003
Hypertension	82 (92)	68 (91)	14 (100)	0.591
Hyperlipidemia	47 (53)	38 (51)	9 (64)	0.396
History of CVA	28 (31)	26 (35)	2 (14)	0.210
Coronary artery disease	38 (43)	33 (44)	5 (36)	0.770
Pre-existing Glaucoma	10 (11)	7 (9)	3 (21)	0.189
Cause of CRAO
Unknown	46 (52)	38 (51)	8 (57)
Embolic	40 (45)	37 (49)	3 (21)
CRVO	3 (3)	0 (0)	3 (21)
Ipsilateral carotid artery stenosis (>70%)	6 (7)	6 (8)	0 (0)

Abbreviations: CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CRAO, central retinal artery occlusion; CRVO, central retinal vein occlusion.

Table 2 Features of Patients That Developed Ocular Neovascularization After Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Patient	Age (Years)	Sex	Type of Neovascularization	Time from CRAO to NV (Days)	Initial VA	Final VA	Management of NV	Ipsilateral Carotid Artery Stenosis	Comorbidities	NVG
1	69.8	F	NVI, NVA	40	CF	NLP	Same day as NVG	No	DM, HTN, HLD, CAD	Yes
2	82.5	M	NVI	22	20/40	CF	PRP	No	HTN, HLD	Yes
3	91.9	F	NVD, NVA	39	LP	HM	Same day as NVG	No	HTN	Yes
4	69.0	M	NVA	26	NLP	NLP	Same day as NVG	No	DM, HTN, HLD, glaucoma	Yes
5	67.1	F	NVI	66	HM	LP	PRP (prior to NV diagnosis)	No	DM, HTN, CAD	Yes
6	60.0	F	NVA	89	HM	LP	Same day as NVG	No	DM, HTN, HLD, CAD, glaucoma	Yes
7	71.1	M	NVA	122	20/70	20/30	Same day as NVG	No	DM, HTN, HLD	Yes
8	75.2	M	NVI, NVA	59	HM	HM	Same day as NVG	No	HTN	Yes
9	52.1	M	NVI, NVA	139	HM	CF	PRP and Avastin	No	HTN, glaucoma	Yes
10	60.8	F	NVD, NVE	268	CF	CF	Observation	No	DM, HTN	No
11	88.5	M	NVI	37	20/150	20/100	PRP and Avastin	No	DM, HTN, HLD	No
12	76.6	F	NVI, NVA	73	HM	LP	Avastin	No	DM, HTN, HLD, CVA, CAD	No
13	69.5	F	NVI, NVA	124	LP	NLP	PRP and Avastin	No	DM, HTN, HLD, CVA, CAD	No
14	75.5	M	NVI, NVA	39	HM	CF	PRP	No	HTN, HLD	No

Abbreviations: NV, neovascularization; NVI, neovascularization of the iris; NVA, neovascularization of the angle; NVD, neovascularization of the disc; NVG, neovascular glaucoma; NVE, neovascularization elsewhere; CF, count fingers; LP, light perception; NLP, no light perception; HM, hand motion; PRP, pan-retinal photocoagulation; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; HLD, hyperlipidemia; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CAD, coronary artery disease.

Table 3 Features of Patients That Developed Neovascular Glaucoma After Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Patient	IOP at CRAO Diagnosis	IOP at NVG Diagnosis	Peak IOP	Final IOP	Management After NVG Diagnosis
1	18	52	57	22	Topical and oral antihypertensives
2	23	60	60	36	Topical and oral antihypertensives
3	12	38	38	11	Laser (PRP) and topical
4	18	44	71	24	Topical
5	1	28	28	2	Surgical (anterior chamber paracentesis, cryoablation), topical
6	16	46	57	13	Laser (PRP), surgical (Ahmed tube, CPC), topical
7	17	52	52	20	Laser (PRP), injection (Avastin), topical and oral antihypertensives
8	Unknown	39	40	35	Laser (PRP), surgical (cryoablation), topical
9	17	32	32	20	Topical

Abbreviations: IOP, intraocular pressure; CRAO, central retinal artery occlusion; NVG, neovascular glaucoma; CPC, cyclophotocoagulation.