Management Strategies of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Chronic Anterior Uveitis: Current Perspectives

Figures & data

Table 1 JIA Subtype Risk of Developing CAU and Ophthalmologic Screening Criteria

JIA Subtype	Risk to Develop Uveitis	Ophthalmologic Examination Frequency
A. Systemic JIA	● Low or moderate	● Every 6–12 months*
B. Oligoarthritis	● High: ANA+ ● Low or moderate: ANA- ● Low or moderate: 7 years or older at JIA onset (ANA+ or  ANA-) ● Low or moderate: JIA duration of more than 4 years (ANA+  or ANA-)	● High risk: every 3 months ● Low or moderate risk: every 6–12 months*
C. RF-negative polyarthritis	● High: ANA+ ● Low or moderate: ANA- ● Low or moderate: 7 years or older at JIA onset (ANA+ or  ANA-) ● Low or moderate: JIA duration of more than 4 years (ANA+  or ANA-)	● High risk: every 3 months ● Low or moderate risk: every 6–12 months*
D. RF-positive polyarthritis	● Low or moderate	● Every 6–12 months*
E. Psoriatic arthritis	● High: ANA+ ● Low or moderate: ANA- ● Low or moderate: 7 years or older at JIA onset (ANA+ or  ANA-) ● Low or moderate: JIA duration of more than 4 years (ANA+  or ANA-)	● High risk: every 3 months ● Low or moderate risk: every 6–12 months*
F. Enthesitis-related arthritis	● Low or moderate	● Every 6–12 months*
G. Undifferentiated JIA	● High: ANA+ ● Low or moderate: ANA- ● Low or moderate: 7 years or older at JIA onset (ANA+ or  ANA-) ● Low or moderate: JIA duration of more than 4 years (ANA+  or ANA-)	● High risk: every 3 months ● Low or moderate risk: every 6–12 months*

Note: *Depending on the combination of risk factors in the child.

Table 2 Current FDA-Approval of Biologics for JIA and/or Non-Infectious Uveitis (NIU) Treatment

Biologic	FDA-Approved for JIA	FDA-Approved for NIU
Abatacept	Yes	No
Adalimumab	Yes	Yes
Certolizumab	No	No
Etanercept	Yes	No
Golimumab	Yes	No
Infliximab	No	No
Rituximab	No	No
Tocilizumab	Yes	No