Effectiveness of the Use of Three-Dose Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept in the Management of Diabetic Macular Edema in a Real-Life Setting

Figures & data

Table 1 Tomographic and Functional Characteristics Before and After Three Doses of Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema

	At the Start of Treatment	After 3rd Dose	p
BCVA (LogMAR)*	0.6 ± 0.33	0.4 ± 0.29	<0.001
Central macular thickness*	501 ± 167 µm	324 ± 114 µm	<0.001
Macular volume^†	10.8 (7.5–17.8) mm^3	9.3 (0–13.6) mm^3	<0.001
Cysts			NE
Absent	0% (n=0)	28,3% (n=15)
Mild	11.3% (n=6)	24.5% (n=13)
Moderate	32.1% (n=17)	20.8% (n=11)
Severe	56.6% (n=30)	26.4% (n=14)
EZ/ELM			<0.001
Intact	39.6% (n=21)	69.8% (n=37)
Disruption	26.4% (n=14)	18.9% (n=10)
Absent	34% (n=18)	11.3% (n=6)
DRIL			<0.001
Absent	22.6% (n=12)	71.7% (n=38)
Present	77.4% (n=41)	28.3% (n=15)
Hyperreflective foci			1.0
<30 foci	77.4% (n=44)	77.4% (n=44)
>30 foci	22.6% (n=12)	22.6% (n=12)
Subretinal fluid			0.005
Absent	71.7% (n=38)	92.5% (n=49)
Present	28.3% (n=15)	7.5% (n=4)
Vitreous/retinal ratio			NC
Absence of VMTS	66% (n=35)	83% (n=44)
Incomplete PVD	24.5% (n=13)	1.9% (n=1)
Complete PVD	0% (n=0)	0% (n=0)
VMTS	1.9% (n=1)	0% (n=0)
ERM	87.5% (n=4)	15.1% (n=8)
DME Staging			NC
No edema	0% (n=0)	64.2% (n=34)
Early	20.8% (n=11)	7.5% (n=4)
Advanced	45.3% (n=24)	17% (n=9)
Severe	28.3% (n=15)	3.8% (n=2)
Atrophic	5.7% (n=3)	7.5% (n=4)

Notes: *Mean ± standard deviation ^†Median (range).

Abbreviations: EZ/OLM, ellipsoid zone/outer limiting membrane; DRIL, disorganization of retinal inner layers; VMTS, vitreomacular traction syndrome; PVD, posterior vitreous detachment; ERM, epiretinal membrane; NC, not calculated.

Figure 1 Changes in the stage of diabetic macular edema. (a) Before treatment, (b) 3 monthly doses of intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept.