Cyclophotocoagulation versus Ahmed Glaucoma Implant in Neovascular Glaucoma with Poor Vision at Presentation

Figures & data

Table 1 Profile of Participants

		CPC (N = 69)		AGV (N = 66)		Validation
		Number	Percentage	Number	Percentage
Gender	Male	38	55.1	32	48.5	OR = 1.4
	Female	31	44.9	34	51.5	(95% CI 0.7; 2.8), P = 0.3
Eye involved	Right	36	52.2	36	54.5	OR = 0.9
	Left	33	47.8	30	45.5	(95% CI 0.5; 1.9), P = 0.8
Age	Median	61.1 ±10.4		58.1± 13.1		Diff of mean 3.1 P = 0.14
	IQR
Previous retinal procedure	None	3	4.3	0	0.0	χ2 = 6
	Anti-VEGF	15	21.7	8	12.1	DF = 3
	PRP	2	2.9	1	1.5	P = 0.02
	Both	49	71.0	57	86.4
Lens status	Phakic	35	50.7	36	54.5	OR = 0.7
	Pseudophakic	34	49.3	23	34.8	(95% CI 0.3; 1.3), P = 0.2
Cause of poor vision*	Corneal pathology	45	65.2	36	54.5	χ^2 = 3
	Lenticular opacity	19	27.5	23	34.8	Df = 6,
	Glaucoma	5	7.2	7	10.6	P = 0.08
	PDR	29	42.0	13	19.7
	CRVO	14	20.3	7	10.6
	Ocular Ischemic	1	1.4	1	1.5
	Syndrome	2	2.9	1	1.5
	Retinal detachment	1	1.4	0	0.0
	BRVO	1	1.4	0	0.0
	CRAO	1	1.4	0	0.0
	HRVO	1	1.4	0	0.0
	MK	1	1.4	0	0.0
	Macular hole	0	0.0	1	1.5
	VH	1	1.4	1	1.5
	Other
Previous surgeries*	None	28	40.6	26	39.4	χ2 = 5
	Phacoemulsification	33	47.8	35	53.0	Df = 5
	ECCE	8	11.6	5	7.6	P = 0.03
	PPV	5	7.2	2	3.0
	AGV	1	1.4	0	0.0
	DESAK	1	1.4	0	0.0
	SLT	2	2.9	0	0.0
	Trabeculectomy	2	2.9	0	0.0
	MIGs	1	1.4	0	0.0
Vision LogMAR	Mean SDV	2.74± 0.54		2.0 ± 0.72		Diff of mean 0.73 (95% CI −1.0; −0.5) P <0.001
IOP (mmHg)	MEAN SDV	40.4 ± 10.6		39.4± 10.2		Diff of mean 0.95 (95% CI −4.5; 2.6) P = 0.6

Notes: *Total will not be matching as some eyes had more than one cause/ procedure.

Abbreviations: ECCE, Extracapsular Cataract Extraction; PPV, Pars Plana Vitrectomy; AGV, Ahmed glaucoma valve; DAESK, Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty; SLT, Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty; MIGs, Micro-Invasive Glaucoma Surgery; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy; CRVO, central retinal vein occlusion; BRVO, branch retinal vein occlusion; CRAO, central retinal artery occlusion; HRVO, hemi-retinal vein occlusion; MK, microbial keratitis; VH, vitreous hemorrhage.

Table 2 Changes in IOP at Different Follow-Ups

	CPC		AGV		Validation
	Median	95% CI	Median	95% CI	MW P
Before	40	32.5; 47.5	40	32.7; 45	0.66
Day 1	20	13.5; 26.5	10.5	9; 15.2	<0.001
1 to 2 weeks	19	12; 31.5	14.0	11.8; 18	<0.001
1 to 2 months	24	16; 32.5	18	14; 22	0.007
3 to 5 months	22	14.5; 36.0	17	14; 20.5	0.002
6 to 9 months	19	12.5; 35.5	15	13; 18.9	0.012
10 to 12 months	18	12.5; 28.0	17	14; 21.5	0.016
Freedman P	P <0.001		P <0.001

Figure 1 Changes of IOP before and at different follow-ups between the two groups.

Table 3 Glaucoma Medications at Different Follow-Up in Two Groups

	CPC		AGV		Validation
	Median	95% CI	Median	95% CI	MW P
Before	4	3.0; 4.0	4	4.0; 4.0	0.75
Day 1	3	3.0; 4.0	0	0.0; 0.0	<0.001
1 to 2 weeks	3	2.0; 4.0	0	0.0; 0.0	<0.001
1 to 2 months	3	2.0; 4.0	0	0.0; 1.0	<0.001
3 to 5 months	3	2.0; 4.0	1	0.0; 2.0	<0.001
6 to 9 months	3	2.0; 4.0	2	1.; 3.0	<0.001
10 to 12 months	3	1.0; 4.0	2	1.; 3.0	0.016
Freedman P	<0.001		<0.001

Figure 2 The survival probability of absolute success at different follow-ups between the two groups.

Table 4 Changes in Vision at Different Visits in CPC Vs AGV Group

	CPC		AGV		Validation
	Median	95% CI	Median	95% CI	MW P
Before	3	3.0; 3.0	2	1.3; 3.0	<0.001
Day 1	3	3.0; 3.0	2	2.0; 3.0	<0.001
1 to 2 weeks	3	2.0; 3.0	2.0	1.2; 3.0	<0.001
1 to 2 months	3	2.0; 3.0	2	1.2; 3.0	<0.001
3 to 5 months	3	2.0; 3.0	2	1.2; 3.0	<0.001
6 to 9 months	3	2.0; 3.0	2	1.2; 3	<0.001
10 to 12 months	3	2.0; 3.0	1.3	1; 3	<0.001
Freedman P	<0.001		0.005