Cataract Surgery Visual Outcome and Associated Factors Among Adults Attended Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Socio-Demography Characteristic Patients, Who Underwent Cataract Surgery in Jimma University Medical Center, from January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2017 (N = 386)

Baseline Variables	Category	Number (%)
Demographic
Gender	Male	213 (55.2)
	Female	173 (44.8)
Age group	40–49	31(8)
	50–59	90(23.3)
	60–69	149(38.6)
	≥70	116(30.1)
Residence	Oromia (urban)	68(17.6)
	Oromia (rural)	265(68.7)
	Neighboring region	53(13.7)
Diabetes mellitus	Present	29 (7.5)
	Absent	357 (92.5)
Hypertension	Present	26 (6.7)
	Absent	360 (93.3)

Table 2 Preoperative and Its Comorbidities Among Cataract Patients Who Underwent Surgery in JUMC, January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2017, Jimma, Ethiopia

Variable	Category	Numbers (%) (N= 386)
Preoperative VA	VA equal to 6/6-6/18	6 (1.6)
	VA less than 6/18-6/60	32 (8.3)
	Less than 6/60	348 (90.2)
Operated eye	Left Eye	202 (52.3)
	Right Eye	184 (47.7)
Lens Condition on the operated eye	Normal cataracts lens	285 (73.8)
	Subluxated, dislocated lens	18 (4.7)
	Pseudoexfoliation/iridodonesis/phacodonesis	83 (21.5)
Type of cataract	Subcapsular	124 (32.1)
	Nuclear	23 (6.0)
	Cortical	24 (6.2)
	Involved all layer	215 (55.7)
Preoperative IOP***	Normal (10–21mmHg)	379 (98.2)
	High (> 21 mmHg)	7 (1.8)
Post ocular surgery	Yes	59 (15.3)
	No	327 (84.7)
Biometry measurement	Yes	191 (49.5)
	No	195 (50.5)
Ptosis, Entropion/Ectropion / Trichiasis	Absent	373 (96.6)
	Present	13 (3.4)
Pterygium, Corneal Dystrophy / Corneal	Absent	346 (89.6)
Scar (Opacity)	Present	40 (10.4)
Glaucoma and optic atrophy	Absent	316 (81.9)
	Present	30 (7.8)
	Not diagnosed	40 (10.4)
Retinal Disease (**DM retinopaty, AMD*/maculopathy)	Absent	318 (82.4)
	Present	28 (7.3)
	Not diagnosed	40 (10.4)
Ocular motility/ position abnormality	Full and normal	366 (94.8)
	Strabismus	14 (3.6)
	Others (nystagmus, exophthalmos & enophthalmos)	6 (1.6)
Other ocular diseases	Absent	369 (95.6)
	Present	17 (4.4)

Notes: age-related macular degeneration, **Diabetic mellitus and ***Intra ocular pressure.

Table 3 Intra-Operative Characteristics of Cataract Patients Who Underwent Surgery in JUMC, January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2017, Jimma, Ethiopia

Variables	Visual Outcome (N= 386)		Total (Percent)
	Poor: N (%)	Good: N (%)
Type of IOL
AC* intraocular lens	19(4.9)	10(2.6)	29 (7.5)
PC** intraocular lens	173(44.8)	140(36.3)	313 (81.1)
Sulcus	15(3.9)	5(1.3)	20 (5.2)
No intraocular lens	24(6.2)	0(0.0)	24 (6.2)
Status of surgeon
Ophthalmologist	118 (30.6)	111(28.8)	229 (59.3)
Ophthalmology resident	87 (22.5)	27 (7.0)	114 (29.5)
Cataract surgeon	26 (6.7)	17 (4.4)	43 (11.1)
Intra-operative complication
None	181(46.9)	147 (38.1)	328 (85.0)
Iris prolapsed	2 (0.5)	1(0.3)	3 (0.8)
Hyphemia	2 (0.5)	0 (0.0)	2 (0.5)
Posterior capsular tear	9 (2.3)	3 (0.8)	12 (3.1)
Vitreous loss	36 (9.3)	4 (1.0)	40 (10.4)
Zonular dehiscence	1 (0.3)	0 (0.0)	1 (0.3)
Surgical procedure
Intra capsular cataract surgery	7 (1.8)	0 (0.0)	7 (1.8)
Extra capsular cataract surgery	11 (2.8)	0 (0.0)	11 (2.8)
Small incision cataract surgery	202 (52.3)	112 (29.0)	314 81.3)
Phacoemulsification	11 (2.8)	43 (11.1)	54(14)

Notes: *Anterior chamber, **Posterior capsule.

Figure 1 Preoperative and postoperative VA of cataract patients at Jimma Medical Center 2016–2017.

Table 4 Factors Associated with Visual Outcome Among Patients Underwent Cataract Surgery at JUMC, January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2017, Jimma, Ethiopia

Variables	Category	Visual Outcome		COR(95% CI)	AOR(95% CI)
		Poor	Good
Age	40–49	13	18	1	1
	50–59	37	53	0.96 (0.42–2.21)	0.91 (0.33–2.48)
	60–69	94	55	2.36 (1.08–5.2)	2.65 (1.01–6.93)
	≥ 70	74	42	2.44 (1.09–5.47)	3.16 (1.18–8.39)
Ocular co-morbidity	Absent	114	119	1	1
	Present	84	29		2.86 (1.60–5.10)
	Not diagnosed	20	20	1.04 (0.53–2.04)	0.63 (0.28–1.39)
Surgical technique	ICCE and ECCE	18	3	23.45 (5.84–94.2)	25.30 (5.57–114.91)
	SICs*	189	122	6.05 (3.00–12.2)	5.56 (2.48–12.43)
	PHACO.	11	43	1	1
Status of surgeon	Ophthalmologist	113	119	1	1
	Ophthalmology resident	80	29	2.90 (1.77–4.77)	2.09 (1.17–3.75)
	Cataract surgeon	25	20	1.31 (0.69–2.50)	0.73 (0.35–1.53)
Intraoperative complication	Present	50	8	5.95 (2.74–12.95)	4.49 (1.88–10.72)
	Absent	168	160	1	1
SK**	Yes	186	119	2.39 (1.45–3.95)	1.99 (1.10–3.57)
	No	32	49	1	1
Anterior chamber and postoperative uveitis	No	154	145	1	1
	Yes	64	23	2.62 (1.54–4.44)	2.63 (1.40–4.94)

Notes: *small incision cataract surgery, **striate keratitis. Bold type: shows significant variables and their respective values.