Exploration of Hippocampal Functional Connectivity Alterations in Patients with High Myopia via Seed-Based Functional Connectivity Analysis

Figures & data

Table 1 The Original Sample Size of HM Patients and HCs

	HM	HCs
Population of interest	276	109
Eligible for inclusion criteria	82	59
Meet the exclusion criteria	194	60

Abbreviations: HM, high myopia; HCs, healthy controls.

Table 2 Montreal Neurological Institute Coordinates for Region of Interest

Region of Interest	X	Y	Z
Right hippocampus (Brodmann 28)	36	−21	−9
Left hippocampus (Brodmann 28)	−36	−21	−9

Table 3 Demographic Characteristics of HM Patients and HCs

Characteristic	Male/Female	Age (Years)
HM	43/39	26.53 ± 5.291
HCs	24/35	25.67 ± 3.102

Abbreviations: HM, high myopia; HCs, healthy controls.

Table 4 Significant Differences in FC Values of the Left Hippocampus Between HM Patients and HCs

Brain Region	MNI Coordinates (X,Y,Z)			Peak t-score	Cluster Size (Voxels)
L-TPOsup	−27	3	−21	−3.4573	41
R-HIP	36	−21	−9	−3.8216	87
L-MTG	−39	−27	−6	−4.379	80

Abbreviations: FC, functional connectivity; HM, high myopia; HCs, healthy controls; L-TPOsup, left temporal pole-superior temporal gyrus; R-HIP, right hippocampus; L-MTG, left middle temporal gyrus; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute.

Table 5 Significant Differences in FC Values of the Right Hippocampus Between HM Patients and HCs

Brain Region	MNI Coordinates (X,Y,Z)			Peak t-score	Cluster Size (Voxels)
L-TPOsup	−27	3	−21	−3.8358	97
L-Cbe6	−9	−54	−27	−3.9695	148
L-FG	39	−33	−18	−3.5767	60
R-ORBmid	21	30	−9	−4.1049	49
L-MTG	−39	−39	0	−4.3205	65
R-THA	12	−12	15	−3.8003	47

Abbreviations: FC, functional connectivity; HM, high myopia; HCs, healthy controls; L-TPOsup, left temporal pole-superior temporal gyrus; L-Cbe6, left cerebellum superior; L-FG, left fusiform gyrus; R-ORBmid, right orbital part of middle frontal gyrus; L-MTG, left middle temporal gyrus; R-THA, right thalamus; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute.

Figure 1 Spatial of distributions of FC patterns of the left hippocampus in HM patients and HCs.

Notes: (A) Mean FC values of left hippocampus in HM group; (B) mean FC values of left hippocampus in HC group; (C) different FC values of left hippocampus between two groups and (D) significant zFC maps of left hippocampus differences among two groups.

Abbreviations: HCs, healthy controls; HM, high myopia; FC, functional connectivity; zFC, z-values functional connectivity; L, left; R, right.

Figure 2 Spatial of distributions of FC patterns of the right hippocampus in HM patients and HCs.

Notes: (A) Mean FC values of right hippocampus in HM group; (B) mean FC values of right hippocampus in HC group; (C) different FC values of right hippocampus between two groups and (D) significant zFC maps of right hippocampus differences among two groups.

Abbreviations: HCs, healthy controls; HM, high myopia; FC, functional connectivity; zFC, z-values functional connectivity; L, left; R, right.

Table 6 Use of Seed-Based FC Technique for Analysis of Individuals with Ophthalmic or Other Systemic Diseases

References	Disease
JI et al (2023)^Citation10	High myopia
Landelle et al (2023)^Citation18	Parkinson’s disease
Kroemer et al (2022)^Citation19	Major depressive disorder
Xia et al (2022)^Citation20	Insomnia disorder
Qi et al (2021)^Citation21	Diabetic retinopathy
Yu et al (2020)^Citation22	Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Han et al (2018)^Citation23	Subjective tinnitus

Abbreviation: FC, functional connectivity.

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