Outcome of corneal transplantation in a private institution in Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Kaplan–Meier survival curve for corneal graft following penetrating keratoplasty. The overall survival time was 88.9 months ± 4.9 months (mean ± standard error of mean, 95% confidence interval 79.4 months –98.4 months).

Table 1 Univariate analysis of graft failure association (P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance)

Factors associated with corneal graft failure (total eyes = 85)	n (%)	Failed grafts (%)	P-value
Age-group			0.291
20 years and less	15 (17.6)	1 (6.7)
21 to 40 years	31 (36.5)	2 (6.5)
41 to 60 years	11 (12.9)	2 (18.2)
Above 60 years	28 (32.9)	6 (21.4)
Sex			0.132
Male	52 (61.2)	9 (17.3)
Female	33 (38.8)	2 (6.1)
Side			0.753
Right	49 (57.6)	7 (14.3)
Left	36 (42.4)	4 (11.1)
Surgery			0.702
PKP only	61 (71.8)	7 (11.5)
PKP with cataract surgery, IOL	20 (23.5)	3 (15.0)
PKP with IOL implantation	4 (4.7)	1 (4.3)
Suturing technique			0.316
Interrupted only	1 (1.2)	0 (0)
Combined	60 (70.6)	10 (16.4)
Double continuous	24 (28.3)	1 (4.3)
Indication			0.038
Keratoconus	33 (38.8)	2 (6.1)
Scar	15 (17.6)	1 (6.7)
Bullous keratopathy	11 (12.9)	3 (27.3)
Regraft	10 (11.8)	4 (40.0)
Corneal dystrophy	16 (18.8)	1 (6.3)
Rejection	12 (14.1)	8 (66.7)	<0.001
Vascularization	15 (17.6)	5 (33.3)	0.022
Infection	8 (9.4)	3 (37.5)	0.062
Raised intraocular pressure			0.032
No glaucoma	44 (51.8)	4 (9.1)
Preexisting glaucoma	10 (11.8)	4 (40.0)
Steroid responder	11 (12.9)	0 (0)
Other	20 (23.5)	3 (15.0)

Abbreviations: PKP, penetrating keratoplasty; IOL, intraocular lens.

Figure 2 Kaplan–Meier survival curves for (A) rejection (log-rank test, λ² = 31.13, P < 0.001) and (B) vascularization (log-rank test, λ² = 4.57, P = 0.033).

Table 2 Comparison of corneal graft survival time between strata in rejection, vascularization, and surgical indication factors (P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance)

Factor	Survival time (months)	95% CI		Log-rank (Mantel–Cox)
	Mean ± SD	Lower	Upper	λ^2	P
Rejection
None	100.5 ± 3.9	92.8	100.1	31.13	<0.001
Present	46.8 ± 9.5	28.2	65.3
Vascularization
None	94.6 ± 4.9	85.0	104.3	4.570	0.033
Present	63.4 ± 9.0	45.6	81.1
Surgical indication
Bullous keratopathy	68.1 ± 12.3	44.1	92.1	8.016	0.091
Keratoconus	88.6 ± 4.8	79.2	98.0
Corneal dystrophy	101.1 ± 6.6	88.2	114.1
Regraft	68.3 ± 11.2	46.4	90.1
Corneal scar	55.5 ± 4.2	47.3	63.7
Raised IOP*

Note:

* Not computable, as all cases were censored in one strata.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; IOP, intraocular pressure.

Figure 3 Distribution of eyes according to the pre-operative and post-operative logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) (slope = 0.73±0.12, 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.97).