Effect of hemodialysis on visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and macular thickness in patients with chronic kidney disease

Figures & data

Table 1 Causes of chronic renal failure

Disease	n
Diabetes	9
Hypertension	15
Berger’s disease	2
MPG	1
CGN	3
FSG	2
Renal carcinoma in nephrectomized patient	3
CIN	2
Oxalosis	1
PKD	7
Postrenal causes	1
Unknown	1
VHL disease	2

Abbreviations: MPG, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis; CGN, chronic glomerulonephritis; FSG, focal segmental glomerulonephritis; CIN, chronic interstitial nephritis; PKD, polycystic kidney disease; VHL, Von Hippel–Lindeau.

Table 2 Effect of hemodialysis on systemic parameters

	Pre-HD	Post-HD	P-value
Body weight (kg)	74.53± 16.38	72.15±16.25	0.001
Systolic BP (mmHg)	141.29±16.78	119.61±21.20	0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	74.98± 12.02	66.84±12.56	0.001
serum sodium level (mmol/L)	138.65±2.86	141.68±2.15	0.001
Urea-reduction ratio	0.73±0.06	0.73±0.06	–

Abbreviations: HD, hemodialysis; BP, blood pressure.

Table 3 Effect of hemodialysis on ocular parameters

	Pre-HD	Post-HD	P-value
All patients
Decimal BCVA	0.71±0.32	0.72±0.31	0.877
IOP	13.99±2.48	12.65±2.41	0.001
CMT	251.39±39.29	253.09±39.26	0.272
Diabetes mellitus
BCVA	0.49±0.37	0.52±0.36	0.084
IOP	14.37±2.36	12.06± 1.65	0.001
CMT	286.0±61.77	283.50±57.12	0.414
Hypertension
Decimal BCVA	0.60±0.26	0.59±0.29	0.574
IOP	14.73±2.38	13.08±2.15	0.006
CMT	257.48±43.24	252.80±29.62	0.965
Other causes
Decimal BCVA	0.86±0.23	0.88±0.21	0.271
IOP	13.97±2.67	12.6±2.79	0.020
CMT	239.47±24.17	240.42±26.31	0.328

Abbreviations: HD, hemodialysis; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; IOP, intraocular pressure; CMT, central macular thickness.

Table 4 Change in ophthalmologic parameters with hemodialysis in each chronic kidney-disease subtype

	DM group	HTN group	Other cause	P-value
Mean BCVA change	−0.04±0.02	0.02±0.03	0.03±0.01	0.219
Mean IOP change	2.31 ±0.44	1.65±0.41	1.37±0.38	0.061
Mean CMT change	−2.50± 1.39	−4.68±2.00	−0.95±2.65	0.896

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; IOP, intraocular pressure; CMT, central macular thickness.

Table 5 Correlations between intraocular pressure and systemic parameters

	Mean ± SD	Correlation, r	Correlation, P
Serum albumin before HD (g/L)	36.93±3.95	0.303	0.008
Serum sodium before HD (mmol/L)	138.65±2.86	−0.085	0.455
Systolic BP before HD (mmHg)	141.29±16.78	−0.125	0.264
Diastolic BP before HD (mmHg)	74.98±12.02	−0.174	0.118
Weight before HD (kg)	74.53±16.38	0.039	0.726
Change in serum sodium (mmol/L)	−3.04±3.19	−0.083	0.463
Change in systolic BP (mmHg)	21.67±22.50	0.178	0.110
Change in diastolic BP (mmHg)	8.14±17.34	−0.089	0.446
Change in weight (kg)	2.38±0.93	0.220	0.047
Urea-reduction ratio	0.73±0.06	−0.001	0.992
Ultrafltration rate	3.67±0.88	0.186	0.094

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; HD, hemodialysis; BP, blood pressure.