Prevalence and factors associated with scleral hyaline plaque: clinical study of older adults in southeastern Brazil

Figures & data

Figure 1 Biomicroscopy of anterior segment. Scleral hyaline plaque – Complete form.

Figure 2 Biomicroscopy of anterior segment – scleral hyaline plaque – Incomplete form.

Table 1 Correlation between hyaline plaque (present/absent) and personal epidemiological data

Variables	Scleral hyaline plaque
	Complete form n=46	Incomplete form n=71	Present (complete + incomplete) n=117	Absent n=550	Total n=667	P-value
Sex, n (%)
Male	2 (0.3)	22 (3.3)	24 (3.6)	308 (46.1)	332 (49.8)	0.0001
Female	44 (6.6)	49 (7.3)	93 (13.9)	242 (36.2)	335 (50.2)
Age range, n (%)
≤69 years	9 (0.5)	31 (4.6)	40 (5.9)	334 (50.2)	374 (56.1)	0.001
≥70 years	37 (5.5)	40 (5.9)	77 (11.5)	216 (32.3)	293 (43.9)
Iris color, n (%)
Light	9 (1.3)	12 (1.7)	21 (3.1)	73 (10.9)	94 (14.1)	0.190
Dark	37 (5.6)	59 (8.8)	96 (14.4)	477 (71.5)	573 (85.9)
Ethnicity, n (%)
Caucasian	31 (4.6)	19 (2.8)	50 (7.4)	92 (13.7)	142 (21.2)
Latino	15 (2.2)	49 (7.3)	64 (9.5)	382 (57.2)	446 (66.8)	0.001
Afro-descendant	0	3 (0.4)	3 (0.4)	36 (5.4)	39 (5.8)
Other	0	0	0	40 (5.9)	40 (5.9)

Table 2 Correlation between hyaline plaque (present/absent) and eye diseases

Variables	Scleral hyaline plaque
	Complete form n=46	Incomplete form n=71	Present (complete + incomplete) n=117	Absent n=550	Total n=667	P-value
Cataract, n (%)
Present	27 (4.0)	51 (7.6)	78 (11.6)	196 (29.3)	274 (41.1)	0.001
Absent	19 (2.8)	20 (3.0)	39 (5.8)	354 (53.1)	393 (58.9)
Moderate to high myopia, n (%)
Present	0	25 (3.8)	25 (3.8)	43 (6.4)	68 (10.2)	0.001
Absent	46 (6.9)	46 (6.9)	92 (13.8)	507 (76.0)	599 (89.8)
AMD, n (%)
Present	8 (1.4)	18 (2.7)	26 (3.9)	70 (10.4)	96 (14.4)	0.41
Absent	38 (5.6)	53 (7.9)	91 (13.6)	480 (71.9)	571 (85.6)

Abbreviation: AMD, age-related macular degeneration.

Table 3 Correlation between hyaline plaque (present/absent) and systemic diseases

Variables	Scleral hyaline plaque
	Complete form n=46	Incomplete form n=71	Present (complete + incomplete) n=117	Absent n=550	Total n=667	P-value
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)
Present	1 (0.1)	6 (0.9)	7 (1.1)	41 (6.1)	48 (7.2)	0.147
Absent	45 (6.7)	65 (9.7)	110 (16.4)	509 (76.3)	619 (92.8)
Systemic arterial hypertension, n (%)
Present	32 (4.7)	14 (2.1)	46 (6.8)	147 (22.0)	193 (28.9)	0.01
Absent	14 (2.1)	57 (8.5)	71 (10.6)	403 (60.4)	474 (71.0)
Degenerative arthritis, n (%)
Present	33 (4.9)	14 (2.1)	47 (7.0)	21 (3.1)	68 (10.2)	0.0001
Absent	13 (1.9)	57 (8.5)	70 (10.4)	529 (79.3)	599 (89.8)
Osteoporosis, n (%)
Present	23 (3.4)	27 (4.0)	50 (7.4)	102 (15.3)	152 (22.8)	0.001
Absent	23 (3.4)	44 (6.6)	67 (10.0)	448 (67.1)	515 (77.2)

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of factors associated with scleral hyaline plaque

	P-value	OR	CI
Sex (female)	0.0001	5.487	2.93–10.24
Age range (≥70 years)	0.05	1.783	1.23–2.93
Ethnicity (Caucasian)	0.25	1.345	0.47–2.19
High myopia	0.01	2.223	1.89–3.01
Cataract	0.10	0.945	0.64–1.23
Systemic arterial hypertension	0.57	0.363	0.11–0.93
Degenerative arthritis	0.001	3.870	1.13–6.23
Osteoporosis	0.20	1.647	0.56–2.48

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.