Relationship between progression of visual field defect and intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Patients’ characteristics

Number of subjects	156 eyes of 156 patients
Age (years)	64.6±12.9 [28–88]
Sex, n (%)
Female	94 (60.3)
Male	62 (39.7)
Type of glaucoma, n (%)
NTG	141 (90.4)
POAG	15 (9.6)
Refraction (D)	−2.8±3.7 [−16 to +2.5]
Baseline IOP (mmHg)	16.6±3.7 [8.0–28.6]
Initial MD value (dB)	−7.08±4.21 [−18.39 to +0.03]
Final MD value (dB)	−9.42±5.32 [−25.49 to +0.67]
Number of visual field examinations (times)	12.8±2.7 [10–25]
Follow-up duration (years)	7.6±2.0 [4.5–16.5]

Notes: Data are n (%) or means ± SD [range]. NTG defined as baseline IOP ≤21 mmHg; POAG defined as baseline IOP >21 mmHg; baseline IOP determined by averaging first three measurements taken with Goldmann applanation tonometer before initiation of therapy.

Abbreviations: IOP, intraocular pressure; MD, mean deviation; NTG, normal-tension glaucoma; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Associations between different factors and worsening of the MD slope

	MD slope		P-valuea
	Worsening group (n=70)	Non-worsening group (n=86)
Age (years)	66.9±11.3	62.6±13.9	0.0370*
Sex, n (%)
Female	49 (70.0)	45 (52.3)	0.0324*
Male	21 (30.0)	41 (47.7)
Refraction (D)	−1.9±3.8	−3.5±3.4	0.0048*
Initial MD value (dB)	−6.60±4.17	−7.48±4.23	0.1916
MD slope (dB/year)	−0.71±0.45	−0.01±0.28	,0.0001*
Baseline IOP (mmHg)	15.7±3.6	17.2±3.6	0.0107*
IOP over follow-up (mmHg)	13.2±2.2	13.5±2.1	0.3992
IOP reduction rate (%)	14.9±13.0	20.3±11.8	0.0066*
Maximum IOP (mmHg)	16.9±3.8	16.7±3.0	0.8147
Minimum IOP (mmHg)	10.2±2.1	11.0±2.0	0.0161*
Long-term IOP fluctuation (mmHg)	1.7±0.9	1.4±0.5	0.0309*

Notes: Data are means ± SD or n (%). Long-term IOP fluctuation was calculated as the SD of IOP measurements over the follow-up period.

a t-test except sex (Fisher’s exact test).

* Statistically significant.

Abbreviations: IOP, intraocular pressure; MD, mean deviation; SD, standard deviation.

Table 3 Factors related to the MD slope worsening according to multivariate logistic regression analysis (n=156)

Factors	MD slope		P-value
	Odds ratio	95% CI
IOP over follow-up (mmHg)	0.89	0.75–1.04	0.1421
IOP reduction rate (%)	0.97	0.94–0.99	0.0250*
Long-term IOP fluctuation (mmHg)	1.87	1.13–3.38	0.0143*
Initial MD value (dB)	1.05	0.97–1.15	0.2536
Refraction (D)	1.12	1.01–1.24	0.0285*

Notes: Long-term IOP fluctuation was calculated as the SD of IOP measurements over the follow-up period.

* Statistically significant.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IOP, intraocular pressure; MD, mean deviation; SD, standard deviation.