Changes in corneal endothelium cell characteristics after cataract surgery with and without use of viscoelastic substances during intraocular lens implantation

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients assigned to the BSS plus^® or Z-Celcoat™ group

	BSS plus^® group	Z-Celcoat™ group	P-value
Number of eyes	97 (53%)	86 (47%)	0.460
Age (years)	73±6.0	73±6.5	0.435
Sex (male/female)	42/55 (43%/57%)	22/64 (26%/74%)	0.012a
Number of diabetic patients	4 (4.1%)	7 (8.1%)	0.273
Patients taking tamsulosine	8 (8.2%)	6 (7%)	0.933
Corneal endothelium cell density (ECD) (cells/mm^2)	2,506±310	2,433±261	0.107
Average size of corneal endothelium cell (µm^2) (ECS)	406±57	416±50	0.097
Anterior chamber depth (ACD) (mm)	3.3±0.43	3.24±0.43	0.243

Notes:

a Significant differences between both groups. Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise stated.

Abbreviations: BSS, balanced salt solution; ECS, endothelium cell size.

Table 2 Intraoperative parameters of patients assigned to the BSS plus^® or Z-Celcoat™ group

	BSS plus^® group	Z-Celcoat™ group	P-value
Operation time (minutes)	7.2±1.2	8.0±1.4	<0.001a
Phacoemulsification time (seconds)	37.0±16.3	37.3±12.0	0.574
Phacoemulsification energy (J)	136.0±104.3	141.3±73.1	0.210
Phacoemulsification suction time (seconds)	43.1±19.5	43.3±14.1	0.478
Irrigation–aspiration suction time (seconds)	30.3±16.6	36.3±14.5	<0.001a

Notes:

a Significant differences between both groups. Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviation: BSS, balanced salt solution.

Table 3 Comparison of postsurgical results between patients assigned to the BSS plus^® or Z-Celcoat™ group

	BSS plus^® group	Z-Celcoat™ group	P-value
BCVA
Baseline	0.42±0.17	0.44±0.18	0.448
Week 1	0.77±0.17	0.73±0.15	0.010a
Week 6	0.83±0.17	0.83±0.14	0.663
ΔBCVA (P-value)
Baseline/week 1	0.36±0.18 (<0.001)a	0.29±0.22 (<0.001)a	0.009a
Baseline/week 6	0.41±0.18 (<0.001)a	0.39±0.21 (<0.001)a	0.398
IOP (mmHg)
Baseline	15.5±2.8	15.9±2.5	0.206
Day 1	15.2±2.5	16.4±2.1	<0.001a
Week 1	15.0±2.2	15.9±2.0	0.001a
Week 6	15.0±2.1	15.9±1.8	0.001a
ΔIOP (mmHg) (P-value)
Baseline/day 1	−0.3±3.3 (0.331)	0.49±2.9 (0.117)	0.107
Baseline/week 1	−0.5±3.0 (0.077)	0.0±2.6 (0.832)	0.119
Baseline/week 6	−0.5±3.0 (0.116)	0.0±2.7 (0.971)	0.217
ECD (cells/mm^2)
Baseline	2,506±310	2,433±261	0.107
Week 1	2,348±347	2,298±354	0.407
Week 6	2,314±381	2,272±340	0.361
ΔECD (cells/mm^2)/(%) (P-value)
Baseline/week 1	−159±294/(6.3) (<0.001)a	−134±257/(5.5) (<0.001)a	0.391
Baseline/week 6	−192±300/(7.7) (<0.001)a	−160±252/(6.6) (<0.001)a	0.571
ECS (µm^2)
Baseline	406±57	416±50	0.09
Week 1	437±81	447±83	0.409
Week 6	446±91	452±83	0.363
ΔECS (µm^2)/(%) (P-value)
Baseline/week 1	32±67/(7.6) (<0.001)a	31±60/(7.5) (<0.001)a	0.645
Baseline/week 6	41±74/(9.9) (<0.001)a	35±64/(8.7) (<0.001)a	0.779

Notes: Results and changes within each group are displayed in correspondent columns and comparisons between both groups are arranged in correspondent lines.

a Significant differences. Data are represented as mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviations: BSS, balanced salt solution; BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; IOP, intraocular pressure; ECD, endothelium cell density; ECS, endothelium cell size.

Figure 1 Comparison of endothelium cell density in both groups.

Note: BSS plus^® group (blue); Z-Celcoat™ group (yellow).
Abbreviation: ECD, endothelium cell density.

Figure 2 Comparison of endothelium cell size in both groups.

Note: BSS plus^® group (blue); Z-Celcoat™ group (yellow).
Abbreviation: ECS, endothelium cell size.

Figure 3 Implantation of an acrylic single-piece intraocular lens using balanced salt solution irrigation only.