Comparing spectacle and toric contact lens prescribing trends for astigmatism

Figures & data

Table 1 Prevalence of clinically significant astigmatism sorted according to age (youngest to oldest) and axis distribution (with-the-rule, oblique and against-the-rule)

Country, paper	Subjects age n	% With significant cylinder (>0.75 DC)	With the rule	Oblique	Against the rule
Egypt, Sayed (2016)^Citation2	2.05±1.57 years n=307	70%	81%	13.3%	5.3%
Brazil, Lipener et al (2006)^Citation1	2–36 months n=468	25%	75%–93%	0%–8%	5%–7%
China, Wang et al (2014)^Citation6	2–7 years n=2,255	33%	84%	4%	2%
Singapore, Koh et al (2014)^Citation3	1996/1997 cohort: 16–25 years males n=15,085 2009–2010 cohort: 17–29 years males n=28,908	41.3%–50.9%	51%–61%	30%–31%	9%–19%
Australia, Sanfilippo et al (2015)^Citation4	19–90 years n=3,841	5–20 years: 9%	5–20 years: 41%	5–20 years: 18%	5–20 years: 41%
		21–40 years: 14%	21–40 years: 39%	21–40 years: 20%	21–40 years: 41%
		41–60 years: 17%	41–60 years: 35%	41–60 years: 20%	41–60 years: 45%
		≥61 years: 48%	≥61 years:20%	≥61 years: 12%	≥61 years: 68%
Korea, Rim et al (2016)^Citation5	2008–2012:≥5 to ≥70 yearsn=33,355	5–19 years: 21%	5–19 years: 70%	5–19 years: 22%	5–19 years: 8%
		20–39 years: 27%	20–39 years: 55%	20–39 years: 28%	20–39 years:17%
		40–59 years: 29%	40–59 years: 27%	40–59 years: 34%	40–59 years: 39%
		≥60 years: 56%	≥60 years:9%	≥60 years: 42%	≥60 years: 50%

Table 2 Demographic information by gender and optical correction type

Group	Males:females	Spec: CL	Age bands (%)	Date range
1, First 10,000 purchasers	Males: 38%	Spec: 59%	<20 36.0%#	January 1–4, 2013
	Females: 62%	CLs: 41%	20≤40 44.2%
			40≤60 16.1%
			60+3.6%
2, First 10,000 spectacle lens purchasers	Males: 57%	Spec: 100%	<20 21.9 %	January 1–5, 2013
	Females: 43%	CLs: 0%	20≤40 46.0%
			40≤60 24.3%
			60+7.8%
3, First 10,000 contact lens purchasers	Males: 12%	Spec: 0%	<20 27.9 %	January 1–8, 2013
	Females: 88%	CLs: 100%	20≤40 74.8%
			40≤60 2.6%
			60+0.08%
			<20 43.0 %^
	Males: 18%	Spec: 100%	20 ≤40 53.7%	A January 1 and pril 1,
4, First 10,000 spectacle and contact lens purchasers
	Females: 82%	CLs: 100%	40≤60 3.2%	2013
			60+0.05%

Notes:

# 12.5% of the <20-year-olds were 12 years and younger,

^ 0.8% of the <20-year-olds were 12 years and younger.

Abbreviations: CL, contact lens; Spec, spectacles.

Figure 1 Age comparison for Group 2 (spectacle) and 3 (contact lens) wearers.

Figure 2 Type of astigmatism in spectacle wearers for right and left eyes (Group 2).

Figure 3 Comparison of cylindrical powers prescribed for Group 2 (spectacle wearers) and Group 3 (contact lens wearers).

Figure 4 Number of right cylindrical lenses prescribed according to type by axis for CL wearers (Group 3) and spectacle wearers (Group 2).

Abbreviation: CL, contact lens.

Figure 5 Group 4 spherical equivalent contact lens power distribution for contact lens wearers who were not prescribed toric lenses when they had clinically significant astigmatism, and those who were prescribed toric lenses.

Abbreviation: DS, dioptre sphere.

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