Impact of congenital color vision defect on color-related tasks among schoolchildren in Durban, South Africa

Figures & data

Table 1 Difficulties with color-related tasks reported by schoolchildren

Variables	Never N (%)	Occasionally N (%)	All the time N (%)	Total N (%)
Colors and picture charts in mathematics text	1298 (99.5)	5 (0.4)	2 (0.1)	1305 (100)
Working on the computer	1286 (98.6)	11 (0.8)	8 (0.6)	1305 (100)
Colors in fine arts	1294 (99.2)	7 (0.5)	4 (0.3)	1305 (100)
Colors in crafts and hobbies	1290 (98.9)	8 (0.6)	7 (0.5)	1305 (100)
Identifying houses or teams during inter-house sports based on color of jersey	1299 (99.6)	4 (0.3)	2 (0.1)	1305 (100)
Selecting colors of clothes	1292 (99)	9 (0.7)	4 (0.3)	1305 (100)
Identifying flowers based on colors	1297 (99.4)	3 (0.2)	5 (0.4)	1305 (100)
Judging ripeness of fruit and vegetables based on colors	1299 (99.6)	2 (0.1)	4 (0.3)	1305 (100)
Watching sports because of color of team jersey	1294 (99.2)	4 (0.3)	7 (0.5)	1305 (100)
Recognizing and describing cars based on colors	1296 (99.4)	7 (0.5)	2 (0.1)	1305 (100)
Recognizing traffic signal lights	1298 (99.5)	3 (0.2)	4 (0.3)	1305 (100)

Table 2 Difficulties with color-related tasks reported by 29 CCVD and 1276 NCV children

Variables	Color-deficient (%)			Fisher’s exact test	Significance (P-value)
	Yes	No	Total
Identifying colors and charts in mathematics
Some difficulty	5 (71.4)	2 (28.6)	7 (100)	236.4	<0.0001
No difficulty	15 (1.6)	1283 (98.8)	1298 (100)
Working on the computer
Some difficulty	12 (63.2)	7 (36.8)	19 (100)	270.7	<0.0001
No difficulty	11 (0.9)	1275 (99.1)	1286 (100)
Colors in fine arts
Some difficulty	8 (72.7)	3 (27.3)	11 (100)	164.9	<0.0001
No difficulty	13 (1.0)	1281 (99.0)	1294 (100)
Identifying colors in crafts and hobbies
Some difficulty	9 (60)	6 (40)	15 (100)	241.6	<0.0001
No difficulty	15 (1.2)	1275 (98.8)	1290 (100)
Identifying different houses or teams during interhouse sports based on color of jersey
Some difficulty	4 (66.7)	2 (33.3)	6 (100)	138.6	<0.0001
No difficulty	10 (0.8)	1289 (99.2)	1299 (100)
Selecting colors of clothes
Some difficulty	8 (61.5)	5 (38.5)	13 (100)	248.1	<0.0001
No difficulty	14 (1.1)	1278 (98.9)	1292 (100)
Identifying flowers based on colors
Some difficulty	5 (62.5)	3 (37.5)	8 (100)	190.5	<0.0001
No difficulty	13 (1.0)	1284 (99.0)	1297 (100)
Judging ripeness of fruits and vegetables
Some difficulty	4 (66.7)	2 (33.3)	6 (100)	144.4	<0.0001
No difficulty	16 (1.2)	1283 (98.8)	1299 (100)
Watching sports because of colors
Some difficulty	9 (81.8)	2 (18.2)	11 (100)	252.1	<0.0001
No difficulty	11 (0.9)	1283 (99.1)	1294 (100)
Describing and recognizing cars based on colors
Some difficulty	6 (66.7)	3 (33.3)	9 (100)	188.2	<0.0001
No difficulty	15 (1.2)	1281 (98.8)	1296 (100)
Recognizing traffic signal light
Some difficulty	5 (71.4)	2 (28.6)	7 (100)	233.8	<0.0001
No difficulty	18 (1.4)	1280 (98.6)	1298 (100)