Identification and validation of potential prognostic gene biomarkers for predicting survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Figures & data

Figure 1 Venn diagram of prognostic gene markers for the three gene expression microarray data cohorts (TCGA-LAML, GSE12417 HG-U133A, and HG-U133 plus 2.0 cohorts).

Notes: (A) Overlapping protective prognostic gene markers (HR <1). (B) Overlapping risky prognostic gene markers (HR >1).
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; TCGA-LAML, The Cancer Genome Atlas AML project.

Figure 2 The prognostic value of the 11 genes for AML patients in the GSE12417 HG-U133A cohort.

Notes: Kaplan–Meier curves of the 11 prognostic genes in the GSE12417 HG-U133A cohort. OS stratified by ACSF2 (A), CXCR6 (B), FAM124B (C), FRYL (D), GYPA (E), HBG1 (F), MAGOH (G), MDH2 (H), SLC2A5 (I), SUCLG1 (J), and TMC5 (K).
Abbreviations: ACSF2, acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CXCR6, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6; FAM124B, family with sequence similarity 124 member B; FRYL, FRY-like transcription coactivator; GYPA, glycophorin A; HBG1, hemoglobin subunit gamma 1; MAGOH, mago homolog, exon junction complex core component; MDH2, malate dehydrogenase 2; OS, overall survival; SLC2A5, solute carrier family 2 member 5; SUCLG1, succinate-CoA ligase alpha subunit; TMC5, transmembrane channel like 5.

Figure 3 The prognostic value of the 11 genes for AML patients in the GSE12417 HG-U133 plus 2.0 cohort.

Notes: Kaplan–Meier curves of the 11 prognostic genes in the GSE12417 HG-U133 plus 2.0 cohort. OS stratified by ACSF2 (A), CXCR6 (B), FAM124B (C), FRYL (D), GYPA (E), HBG1 (F), MAGOH (G), MDH2 (H), SLC2A5 (I), SUCLG1 (J), and TMC5 (K).
Abbreviations: ACSF2, acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CXCR6, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6; FAM124B, family with sequence similarity 124 member B; FRYL, FRY-like transcription coactivator; GYPA, glycophorin A; HBG1, hemoglobin subunit gamma 1; MAGOH, mago homolog, exon junction complex core component; MDH2, malate dehydrogenase 2; OS, overall survival; SLC2A5, solute carrier family 2 member 5; SUCLG1, succinate-CoA ligase alpha subunit; TMC5, transmembrane channel like 5.

Figure 4 The prognostic value of the 11 genes for AML patients in the TCGA-LAML cohort.

Notes: Kaplan–Meier curves of the 11 prognostic genes in the TCGA LAML cohort. OS stratified by ACSF2 (A), CXCR6 (B), FAM124B (C), FRYL (D), GYPA (E), HBG1 (F), MAGOH (G), MDH2 (H), SLC2A5 (I), SUCLG1 (J), and TMC5 (K).
Abbreviations: ACSF2, acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CXCR6, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6; FAM124B, family with sequence similarity 124 member B; FRYL, FRY-like transcription coactivator; GYPA, glycophorin A; HBG1, hemoglobin subunit gamma 1; MAGOH, mago homolog, exon junction complex core component; MDH2, malate dehydrogenase 2; OS, overall survival; SLC2A5, solute carrier family 2 member 5; SUCLG1, succinate-CoA ligase alpha subunit; TMC5, transmembrane channel like 5; TCGA-LAML, The Cancer Genome Atlas AML project.

Figure 5 Prognostic gene signature of the 11 genes in AML patients of the GSE12417 HG-U133A cohort.

Notes: (A) From top to bottom is the risk score, patients’ survival status distribution, and expression heat map of the 11 genes for low- and high-risk groups. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves for low- and high-risk groups. (C) ROC curve for predicting OS in AML patients by the risk score.
Abbreviations: AML, acute myeloid leukemia; AUC, area under the ROC curve; CI, confidence interval; OS, overall survival; ROC, receiver operating characteristic.

Table 1 Prognostic value of the 11 genes in AML patients of the three cohorts

Gene symbol	GSE12417 HG-U133A cohort			GSE12417 HG-U133 plus 2.0 cohort		TCGA-LAML cohort
	HR (95% CI)a	Log-rank P-value	Coefficient βb	HR (95% CI)a	Log-rank P-value	HR (95% CI)a	Log-rank P-value
ACSF2	1.803 (1.214–2.679)	0.0031	0.438	1.886 (1.017–3.499)	0.0407	1.718 (1.119–2.639)	0.0124
CXCR6	0.640 (0.432–0.950)	0.0327	−0.077	0.505 (0.270–0.945)	0.0294	0.653 (0.427–0.998)	0.0495
FAM124B	1.782 (1.199–2.648)	0.0037	0.295	2.556 (1.361–4.799)	0.0025	1.852 (1.204–2.846)	0.0042
FRYL	0.637 (0.430–0.944)	0.0234	−0.391	0.534 (0.287–0.992)	0.0437	0.529 (0.345–0.813)	0.0032
GYPA	0.580 (0.392–0.859)	0.0059	−0.289	0.532 (0.288–0.983)	0.0405	0.611 (0.400–0.936)	0.0225
HBG1	0.599 (0.405–0.887)	0.0098	−0.072	0.429 (0.229–0.802)	0.0064	0.598 (0.391–0.917)	0.0174
MAGOH	1.822 (1.226–2.709)	0.0026	0.387	1.858 (1.001–3.448)	0.0464	1.613 (1.052–2.474)	0.0267
MDH2	1.749 (1.178–2.596)	0.005	−0.106	2.007 (1.080–3.729)	0.0246	1.652 (1.080–2.526)	0.0199
SLC2A5	1.603 (1.079–2.381)	0.0183	0.329	2.036 (1.093–3.792)	0.0222	1.905 (1.242–2.922)	0.0026
SUCLG1	1.661 (1.121–2.463)	0.0078	0.221	1.887 (1.022–3.484)	0.0394	2.076 (1.349–3.193)	0.0007
TMC5	0.646 (0.436–0.955)	0.0145	−0.35	0.507 (0.273–0.940)	0.028	0.569 (0.370–0.875)	0.0098

Notes:

a Low expression group was the reference group.

b Derived from the multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis of AML patients in GSE12417 HG-U133A cohort.

Abbreviations: ACSF2, acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CI, confidence interval; CXCR6, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6; FAM124B, family with sequence similarity 124 member B; FRYL, FRY-like transcription coactivator; GYPA, glycophorin A; HBG1, hemoglobin subunit gamma 1; HR, hazard ratio; MAGOH, mago homolog, exon junction complex core component; MDH2, malate dehydrogenase 2; SLC2A5, solute carrier family 2 member 5; SUCLG1, succinate-CoA ligase alpha subunit; TCGA-LAML, The Cancer Genome Atlas AML project; TMC5, transmembrane channel like 5.

Figure 6 Prognostic gene signature of the 11 genes in AML patients of GSE12417 HG-U133 plus 2.0 cohort.

Notes: (A) From top to bottom is the risk score, patients’ survival status distribution, and expression heat map of the 11 genes for low- and high-risk groups. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves for low- and high-risk groups. (C) ROC curve for predicting OS in AML patients by the risk score.
Abbreviations: AUC, area under the ROC curve; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CI, confidence interval; OS, overall survival; ROC, receiver operating characteristic.

Figure 7 Prognostic gene signature of the 11 genes in AML patients of the TCGA-LAML cohort.

Notes: (A) From top to bottom is the risk score, patients’ survival status distribution, and expression heat map of the 11 genes for low- and high-risk groups. (B) Kaplan–Meier curves for low- and high-risk groups. (C) ROC curve for predicting OS in AML patients by the risk score.
Abbreviations: AML, acute myeloid leukemia; AUC, area under the ROC curve; CI, confidence interval; OS, overall survival; ROC, receiver operating characteristic; TCGA-LAML, The Cancer Genome Atlas AML project.

Figure 8 The expression level distribution of the 11 genes in the low- and high-risk groups.

Notes: The difference in the expression level of the 11 genes between the low-risk group and high-risk group of the GSE12417 HG-U133A (A), GSE12417 HG-U133 plus 2.0 (B), and TCGA-LAML (C) cohorts. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001.
Abbreviation: TCGA-LAML, The Cancer Genome Atlas AML project.