Safety and efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization with degradable starch microspheres (DSM-TACE) in the treatment of secondary liver malignancies

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients, pretreatment, and disease extent

Characteristics	n
Age (mean ± SD; min; max)	60.7±8.8; 37; 75 years
Pretreatment
Surgery of primary tumor	14/20 (70.0%)
Surgery + chemotherapy of hepatic metastases	3/20 (15.0%)
Chemotherapy	10/20 (50.0%)
No pretreatment of hepatic metastases	9/20 (45.0%)
Disease extent
<4 hepatic metastases	4/20 (20.0%)
≤4 hepatic metastases	11/20 (55.0%)
Number of metastases unknown	5/20 (25.0%)
Left lobe	0/20 (0%)
Right lobe	5/20 (25.0%)
Bilobar; no data	12/20 (60.0%); 3/20 (15.0%)
Infiltrative growth	3/20 (13.0%)
Nodular growth	16/20 (80.0%)
Infiltrative and nodular growth	1/20 (5.0%)

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; min, minimum; max, maximum.

Figure 1 Primary malignancies with hepatic metastases.

Abbreviation: CUP, cancer of unknown primary.

Table 2 Details on TACE procedures

Catheter position	n
AHP	40/77 (51.9%)
AHD	8/77 (10.4%)
AHS	3/77 (3.9%)
AHD + AHS	17/77 (22.1%)
AHP + AHD + AHS	1/77 (1.3%)
Superselective	8/77 (10.4%)
DSM dose (mg)	232.6±161.3
Contrast agent (mL)	30.2±40.3
Injection time of CTX (min)	10.5±9.3
TACE sequence
CTX and DSM combined	33/77 (42.9%)
CTX prior to DSM	34/77 (44.2%)
DSM prior to CTX; no data	7/77 (9.1%); 3/77 (3.9%)

Abbreviations: TACE, transarterial chemoembolization; AHP, A. hepatica propria; AHD, A. hepatica dextra; AHS, A. hepatica sinistra; CTX, chemotherapeutic agent; DSM, degradable starch microspheres.

Table 3 Chemotherapy regimes used in DSM-TACE

Regimes	n
Mitomycin, Cisplatin, Gemcitabin	15
Mitomycin, Oxaliplatin, Gemcitabin	6
Mitomycin, Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan	2
Mitomycin, Cisplatin, Irinotecan	6
Mitomycin, Oxaliplatin	6
Mitomycin, Gemcitabin	2
Oxaliplatin, Gemcitabin	1
Oxaliplatin, Irinotecan	1
Epirubicin	24
Doxorubicin	6
Irinotecan	4
Gemcitabin	2
Mitomycin; no data	1; 1

Abbreviations: DSM, degradable starch microspheres; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization.

Figure 2 Immediate (<24 h) and delayed (<24 h) AEs in DSM-TACE.

Note: n, Number of DSM-TACE procedures.
Abbreviations: AEs, adverse events; DSM, degradable starch microspheres; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization.

Table 4 ORRs in DSM-TACE in current literature

Author	Year	Number of patients	Number of responders	ORR
Wollner et al^Citation18	1986	15	3	20%
Lorenz et al^Citation19	1989	11	4	36%
Taguchi et al^Citation20	1992	10	4	40%
Fujimoto et al^Citation21	1993	13	10	77%
Civalleri et al^Citation22	1994	23	10	44%
Voigt et al^Citation23	2002	10	3	30%
Wasser et al^Citation14	2005	21	3	14%
Tsuchiya et al^Citation13	2007	27	16	59%
Nishiofuku et al^Citation12	2013	18	11	61%
Current study	2017	20	8	40%

Abbreviations: ORR, objective response rate; DSM, degradable starch microspheres; TACE, transarterial chemoembolization.

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