The matrix metalloproteinase and insulin-like growth factor system in oral cancer – a prospective clinical study

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinicopathological features and biomarker serum levels of the included subjects

Characteristics	Patients (n)	MMP-2 (ng/mL)	p-value	MMP-3 (ng/mL)	p-value	MMP-13 (pg/mL)	p-value	IGF-1 (pg/mL)	p-value	IGFBP-3 (μg/mL)	p-value
Controls	49	100±34		10.7±8.2		189±372		161±59		4.0±1.0
OPL patients	75	97±26	0.864	10.2±11.2	0.932	556±910	0.12	136±53	0.018	3.7±0.9	0.147
OSCC patients	81	114±48	0.198	12.3±6.9	0.004	584±2,423	0.612	129±51	0.001	3.2±1.1	<0.001
Global p-value			0.209		0.001		0.055		0.004		<0.001

Abbreviations: MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, IGF-binding protein; OPL, oral premalignant lesion; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Figure 1 Survival rate of OSCC patients with IGF-1 serum values ≥ 130 ng/mL (circles, n=41) and with IGF-1 serum values <130 ng/mL (squares, n=40; p=0.043).

Abbreviations: IGF, insulin-like growth factor; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Figure 2 Survival rate of OSCC patients with IGFBP-3 serum values ≥ 3.1 μg/mL (circles, n=42) and with IGFBP-3 serum values <3.1 μg/mL (squares, n=39; p=0.149).

Abbreviations: IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, IGF-binding protein; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Figure 3 Survival rate of OSCC patients with IGF-1 (≥ 130 ng/mL) and IGFBP-3 (≥ 3.1 μg/mL) serum values (circles, n=51) and with IGF-1 (<130 ng/mL) and IGFBP-3 (<3.1 μg/mL) serum values (squares, n=30; p=0.031).

Abbreviations: IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, IGF-binding protein; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Table 2 Area under the curve for the discrimination of OSCC patients versus healthy controls

Biomarker	AUC	Asymptotic 95% confidence interval
		Lower bound	Upper bound
MMP-2	0.586	0.488	0.683
MMP-3	0.667	0.568	0.765
MMP-13	0.539	0.438	0.640
IGF-1*	0.648	0.550	0.746
IGFBP-3*	0.724	0.636	0.812

Note:

* As low IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 serum values are associated with OSCC, negative IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 values were used.

Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, IGF-binding protein; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Table 3 Area under the curve for the discrimination of OSCC patients versus OPL patients

Biomarker	AUC	Asymptotic 95% confidence interval
		Lower bound	Upper bound
MMP-2	0.602	0.511	0.694
MMP-3	0.670	0.585	0.756
MMP-13	0.600	0.511	0.690
IGF-1*	0.522	0.431	0.613
IGFBP-3*	0.661	0.574	0.747

Note:

* Low IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 serum values are associated with OSCC.

Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, IGF-binding protein; OPL, oral premalignant lesion; OSCC, oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Figure 4 Correlation between serum IGF-1 (pg/mL) and IGFBP-3 (ng/mL) levels.

Abbreviations: IGF, insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP, IGF-binding protein.