MicroRNA-154: A Novel Candidate for Diagnosis and Therapy of Human Cancers

Figures & data

Figure 1 The hairpin structure of pre-miR-154 and the sequence of mature miR-154. The miR-154 gene is transcribed into a precursor (premiR-154) with 84 nucleotides in the nucleus, which is transferred to the cytoplasm by Exportin-5 for further processing to yield two mature miRNAs with 22 nucleotides, miR-154-5p and miR154-3p. The sequence of mature miR-154-5p and miR-154-3p is colored in green and red, respectively. The arrow indicates the orientations from 5′ to 3′. The codes of miR-154 were extracted from miRBase.

Table 1 Target Genes of miRNA-154 Responsible for Its Tumor Suppressive Action in Different Cancers

Gene	Location	Malignancy	Cell Lines		No. of Tissue Samples (Pair)	Outcomes	References
			Normal	Cancerous
MTDH	8q22.1	Gastric cancer	GES-1	SGC-7901, AGS, MKN-1, and BGC-823	36	Inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion	[^Citation22]
DIXDC1	11q23.1	Gastric cancer	GES-1	MGC-803, MKN-87, MKN-45, and AGS	16	Inhibited the growth and invasion	[^Citation23]
TRAF6	11p12	Colorectal cancer	N/A	N/A	N/A	Inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion	[^Citation25]
CCND1	11q13.3	Colorectal cancer	N/A	N/A	N/A	Inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion	[^Citation25]
TLR2	4q31.3	Colorectal cancer	HEK293	SW480, SW620, HT29	41	Inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion	[^Citation26]
CCND2	12p13.32	Colorectal cancer	FHC	HCT-116, HCT-8, SW-480, SW-620, DLD-1 and HT-29	80	Inhibited the proliferation and growth	[^Citation28]
		Prostate cancer	N/A	DU145, PC-3	27	Inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, and growth	[^Citation47]
		Hepatocellular carcinoma	N/A	HepG2, Hep3B	N/A	Inhibited the growth, colony formation and induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase	[^Citation64]
GALNT7	4q34.1	laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma	16HBE	LSCC Hep-2, TU212	104	Inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase	[^Citation30]
ZEB2	2q22.3	Non-small cell lung cancer	N/A	A549	N/A	Inhibited the migration, invasion, and suppressed EMT	[^Citation34]
		Hepatocellular carcinoma	HL-7702	Huh-7, SMMC7721, HepG2 HCCLM3	50	Inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and induced apoptosis, G1cell cycle arrest at G1 phase	[^Citation65]
		Non-small cell lung cancer	NBE	A549, H322, H1299, GLC-82, SPC-A1	42	Inhibited the proliferation, migration invasion, and induced apoptosis	[^Citation36]
RUNX2	6p21.1	Non-small cell lung cancer	NBE	A549, H322, H1299, GLC-82, SPC-A1	42
RUNX2	6p21.1	Bladder cancer	N/A	T24	86	Inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and improved prognosis	[^Citation40]
RSF1	11q14.1
ATG7	3p25.3	Bladder cancer	SV-HUC-1	J82, T24, UM-UC-3	84	Inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and decreased advanced T stage, lymphatic invasion, distant metastasis	[^Citation39]
HMGA2	12q14.3	Prostate cancer	N/A	DU145, PC-3	4	Inhibited the migration, invasion and suppressed EMT	[^Citation46]
E2F5	8q21.2	Prostate cancer	N/A	DU145, PC-3	32	Inhibited the migration, invasion, growth, and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase	[^Citation48]
		Osteosarcoma	N/A	MG63, HOS	30	Inhibited the migration, proliferation, invasion and induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase	[^Citation73]
		Breast cancer	MCF-10A	MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, BT-549 MDA-MB-453	36	Inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and increased cell arrest at the G0/G1 phase	[^Citation59]
PIWIL1	12q24.33	Glioblastoma	N/A	U251, U87, A172, LN229, SNB19, LN308	34^a	Inhibited the proliferation, metastasis and induced apoptosis	[^Citation51]
		Glioma	NHA	A172, SNB19, U172, U251, U87MG	40	Inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion	[^Citation52]
ADAM9	8p11.22	Breast cancer	MCF-10A	MCF-7, SKBR3, MDA-MB-231	45	Inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion	[^Citation60]
NAMPT	7q22.3	Breast cancer	MCF-10A, HEK-293	MCF-7, MDA-MB-231	N/A	Inhibited nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) salvage pathway, increased apoptosis, and sensitivity to doxorubicin	[^Citation61]
BASE (BPIFA4P)	20q11.21	Breast cancer	N/A	N/A	68^a	N/A	[^Citation58]
PCNA	20p12.3	Breast cancer	MCF10A	MCF7, T47D, BT474, BT549, MDA-MB-468, MDAMB231	30	Inhibited the proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase	[^Citation62]
		Hepatocellular carcinoma	Primary Human Hepatocytes (PHH)	HepG2, HepG2.2.15, HepAD38, HepG2-NTCP	43^a	Decreased HBV replication and growth	[^Citation66]
RHOA	3p21.31	Thyroid cancer	Nthy-ori3-1	K-1, TPC-1, B-CPAP	63	Inhibited the proliferation, growth and induced apoptosis	[^Citation70]
WNT5A	3p14.3	Osteosarcoma	NHOst	HOS, Saos-2, U2OS, MG-63	44	Inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and induced  cell cycle arrest at G1 phase	[^Citation74]
AURKA	20q13.2	Melanoma	HEMa-LP	SK-MEL-2, A375, 1205Lu, UACC903, CHL-1	104^a	Inhibited the proliferation, Invasion, migration and induced apoptosis	[^Citation76]
NSD2	4p16.3	Skin squamous cell carcinoma	NHEK	CRL-1555, CRL-1623	N/A	Inhibited the growth, and induced apoptosis, G0/G1cell cycle arrest	[^Citation77]
CCNE1	19q12	Osteosarcoma	N/A	MG63, HOS	30	Induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase	[^Citation73]
CDK2	12q13.2	Osteosarcoma	N/A	MG63, HOS	30	Induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase	[^Citation73]

Notes: ^aTissue specimens are not in pairs. The genes' names were abbreviated according to GenBank.

Abbreviation: N/A, not applicable.

Table 2 Oncogenic Circular RNA and Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNA), Which Act as Competitive Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-154 (So-Called Sponging Effect) in Different Cancers

RNA	Malignancy	Cell Lines		No. of Tissue Samples (Pair)	Outcomes	References
		Normal	Cancerous
LncRNA SNHG1	Colorectal cancer	FHC	HCT-116, HCT-8, SW-480, SW-620, DLD-1 and HT-29	80	Tumor progression, poor prognosis and reduced patient survival	[^Citation28]
LncRNA SNHG20	Non-small cell lung cancer	NBE	A549, H322, H1299, GLC-82, SPC-A1	42	Tumor progression and poor prognosis	[^Citation36]
LncRNA SNHG5	Breast cancer	MCF10A	MCF7, T47D, BT474, BT549, MDA-MB-468, MDAMB231	30	Poor prognosis, promoted proliferation and cell-cycle progression	[^Citation62]
LncRNA PCNAP1	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Primary Human Hepatocytes (PHH)	HepG2, HepG2.2.15, HepAD38, HepG2-NTCP	43^a	Increased HBV replication and cell growth	[^Citation66]
CircRNA Circ_101064	Glioma	NHA	A172, SNB19, U172, U251, U87MG	40	Increased tumor grading and diameter	[^Citation52]

Note: ^aTissue specimens are not in pairs.

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