Expression of YY1 correlates with progression and metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient demographics for the immunohistochemistry analysis

	Stage I	Stage II	Stage III	Stage IV	All tumors
Number	15	52	33	4	104
Mean age (years)	62.8	59.21	56.53	66	58.95
Age range (years)	55–69	33–76	32–75	52–67	32–76
Sex
Male	9	37	23	4	73
Female	6	15	10	0	31

Figure 1 Representative IHC staining of YY1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues (magnification, ×200).

Notes: 0 represents negative, 1 represents weakly positive, 2 represents moderately positive, and 3 represents strongly positive.
Abbreviations: IHC, immunohistochemistry; YY1, Yin Yang 1.

Figure 2 The box plot representing the range of the YY1 IHC staining score in ESCC tissues with and without lymph node metastasis.

Note: *P<0.05.
Abbreviations: ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; IHC, immunohistochemistry; pN, lymph node metastasis; YY1, Yin Yang 1.

Figure 3 Comparison of the protein levels of YY1 between stages I–II and stages III–IV ESCC tissue samples.

Note: **P<0.001.
Abbreviations: ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; IHC, immunohistochemistry; YY1, Yin Yang 1.

Table 2 Relationship between clinicopathological parameters and protein expression of YY1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (n=104)

Clinicopathological parameters	YY1 expression			P-value
	Cases (n)	Negative	Positive
Age (years)				0.286
<64	61	27	34
≥64	43	19	24
Sex				0.255
Male	73	31	42
Female	31	15	16
Histological grade				0.752
Well	25	12	13
Moderate	48	18	30
Poor	31	16	15
pNa				0.042
(+)	42	12	30
(−)	62	34	28
Stage				0.002
1	15	10	5
2	52	25	27
3	33	10	23
4	4	1	3
Lymphatic invasion				0.141
(+)	49	16	33
(−)	55	30	25

Note:

a pN: lymph node metastasis.

Abbreviations: pN, lymph node metastasis; YY1, Yin Yang 1.

Figure 4 YY1 overexpression promoted the invasion of TE-1 cells and the low expression of YY1 suppressed the invasion.

Notes: (A) Representative images of TE-1 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1 or pcDNA3.1-YY1 and shRNA-NC or shRNA-YY1. (B) Calculated relative migrated cells after transfection with pcDNA3.1 or pcDNA3.1-YY1 and shRNA-NC or shRNA-YY1. Cells were counted under a microscope (*P<0.05).
Abbreviations: pcDNA3.1, pcDNA3.1 vector; pcDNA3.1-YY1, YY1 overexpression vector; shRNA-NC, small hairpin RNA control; shRNA-YY1, small hairpin RNA targeting YY1; YY1, Yin Yang 1.