Effect of blood type on survival of Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Correlation between ABO blood group and clinicopathological factors

Characteristic	All patients	Patient blood type				P
	n	A (%) (n=164)	B (%) (n=134)	O (%) (n=202)	AB (%) (n=48)
Age (years)
≤60	341	105 (64.0)	87 (64.9)	115 (56.9)	34 (70.2)	0.207
>60	207	59 (36.0)	47 (35.1)	87 (43.1)	14 (29.2)
Sex
Male	407	115 (70.1)	103 (76.9)	151 (74.8)	38 (79.2)	0.462
Female	141	49 (29.9)	31 (23.1)	51 (25.2)	10 (20.8)
Tumor location
Upper third	34	13 (7.9)	2 (1.5)	13 (6.4)	6 (12.5)	0.004
Middle third	234	82 (50.0)	54 (40.3)	84 (41.6)	14 (29.2)
Lower third	280	69 (42.1)	78 (58.2)	105 (52.0)	28 (58.3)
Tumor stage
pT1	14	2 (1.2)	4 (3.0)	6 (3.0)	2 (4.2)	0.649
pT2	151	50 (30.5)	34 (25.4)	57 (28.2)	10 (20.8)
pT3	383	112 (68.3)	96 (71.6)	139 (68.8)	36 (75.0)
Node stage
pN0	298	82 (50.0)	83 (61.9)	119 (58.9)	14 (29.2)	0.001
pN1	138	56 (34.1)	25 (18.7)	41 (20.3)	16 (33.3)
pN2	88	22 (13.4)	21 (15.7)	31 (15.3)	14 (29.2)
pN3	24	4 (2.5)	5 (3.7)	11 (5.5)	4 (8.3)
Histological grade
G1	101	32 (19.5)	28 (20.9)	35 (17.3)	6 (12.5)	0.028
G2	275	79 (48.2)	77 (57.5)	101 (50.0)	18 (37.5)
G3	172	53 (32.3)	29 (21.6)	66 (32.7)	24 (50.0)
Smoking
Never	199	60 (36.6)	44 (32.8)	85 (42.1)	10 (20.8)	0.035
Ever	349	104 (63.4)	90 (67.2)	117 (57.9)	38 (79.2)
Alcohol consumption
No	433	130 (79.3)	108 (80.6)	160 (79.2)	35 (72.9)	0.732
Yes	115	34 (20.7)	26 (19.4)	42 (20.8)	13 (27.1)

Abbreviations: G, grade; N, node; p, primary; T, tumor.

Figure 1 Overall survival of patients with lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma stratified by ABO blood group.

Notes: Kaplan–Meier analysis of overall survival (y-axis) overtime (x-axis) in patients with lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Survival was shortest among patients with type AB blood (P<0.001).

Figure 2 Overall survival of patients with lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma stratified by AB blood type.

Notes: Kaplan–Meier analysis of overall survival (y-axis) overtime (x-axis) in patients with lymph node-negative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Survival was longer among patients with A, B, or O blood types than among those with type AB (P<0.001).

Table 2 Univariate analysis of the association between prognosis and lymph node status in patients with esophageal cancer

Characteristic	All patients			Lymph node-negative			Lymph node-positive
	5-year survival (%)	Median survival (months)	P	5-year survival (%)	Median survival (months)	P	5-year survival (%)	Median survival (months)	P
Age (years)
≤60	44.1	40.8	0.326	60.2	–	0.315	25.8	21.1	0.105
>60	40.4	40.9		54.8	73.8		17.1	18.4
Sex
Male	39.9	36.0	0.006	57.5	109.8	0.398	21.0	21.6	0.019
Female	53.4	74.8		62.4	–		37.3	39.8
Tumor location
Upper third	36.6	35.2	0.758	45.9	58.7	0.188	23.3	21.0	0.905
Middle third	44.7	42.9		56.9	89.0		26.4	26.8
Lower third	43.0	40.4		62.9			23.2	23.0
Tumor stage
pT1-T2	54.1	74.8	0.001	66.0	–	0.111	28.3	33.2	0.262
pT2	38.7	33.5		54.8	89.9		23.3	22.1
Node stage
pN0	59.0	–	<0.001		–	–		–
pN1	31.3	34.6			–		31.1	34.6	<0.001
pN2	16.9	18.9			–		16.9	18.9
pN3	9.2	7.2			–		9.2	7.2
Histological grade
G1	52.3	–	0.001	68.1	–	0.011	24.1	18.6	0.923
G2	45.1	46.6		60.6	–		22.7	27.2
G3	35.1	26.8		46.8	44.2		26.4	21.6
ABO blood group
A	41.2	36.0	0.038	59.0	89.9	<0.001	23.3	21.6	0.524
B	49.7	51.8		68.2	–		18.9	24.9
O	44.0	42.9		57.9	112.6		23.3	23.0
AB	29.8	26.8		28.6	22.4		36.5	26.8
Smoking
Never	49.0	55.1	0.028	60.7	–	0.703	29.7	32.9	0.063
Ever	40.1	36.3		57.8	–		22.1	21.1
Alcohol consumption
No	47.3	47.3	<0.001	63.5	–	<0.001	27.8	26.8	0.001
Yes	28.7	29.7		42.5	41.6		11.8	15.9

Abbreviations: G, grade; N, node; p, primary; T, tumor.

Table 3 Multivariate analysis of the association between prognosis and lymph node status in patients with esophageal cancer

Characteristic	All patients			Lymph node-negative
	HR	95% CI	P	HR	95% CI	P
Sex
Male	1			–
Female	0.634	0.483–0.832	0.001	–	–	–
Tumor stage
pT1-2	1			–
pT3	1.227	0.951–1.583	0.116	–	–	–
Node stage
pN0	1			–
pN1	2.025	1.558–2.632	<0.001	–	–	–
pN2	3.262	2.449–4.344	<0.001	–	–	–
pN3	8.873	5.480–14.366	<0.001	–	–	–
Histological grade
G1	1			1
G2	1.222	0.884–1.688	0.225	1.545	0.951–2.508	0.079
G3	1.417	1.009–1.990	0.044	2.066	1.234–3.457	0.006
ABO blood group
Non-AB	1			1
AB	1.007	0.765–1.505	0.972	2.576	1.349–4.919	0.004
Smoking
Never	1			–
Ever	1.073	0.765–1.505	0.685	–	–	–
Alcohol consumption
No	1			1
Yes	1.620	1.264–2.076	<0.001	1.681	1.151–2.464	0.007

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; G, grade; HR, hazard ratio; N, node; p, primary; T, tumor.