Investigating the expression, effect and tumorigenic pathway of PADI2 in tumors

Figures & data

Figure 1 Immunodetection of PADI2 in various tumor tissues.

Notes: PADI2 shows significantly increased expression in many tumor types. “a” represents tumor tissue, and “b” represents the parallel tumor adjacent tissues or normal tissues. Original magnification: 200×.
Abbreviation: PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2.

Figure 2 Semiquantitation of the PADI2 expression level in various tumor tissues.

Notes: The x-axis indicates tumor types and matched normal tissues, and the y-axis indicates the expression level of PADI2. ***P<0.001.
Abbreviation: PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2.

Figure 3 Determination of PADI2 levels in the blood samples of patients with tumors using ELISA.

Notes: The x-axis represents various tumor types, and the y-axis represents the PADI2 expression level with P/N values. The OD₄₅₀ value of the positive serum (P-value) was divided by the OD₄₀₅ value of the pooled negative sera (N value). The P/N ratio was calculated for each serum sample. ***P<0.001.
Abbreviations: PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; OD, optical density.

Figure 4 Proliferation of MNK-45 cells and Bel-7402 cells treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA.

Notes: (A) The CCK-8 assay detected MNK-45 viable cell numbers as represented by an OD value at 405 nm. (B) The CCK-8 assay detected Bel-7402 viable cell numbers as represented by an OD value at 405 nm. Cells treated with Allstar siRNA were used as negative controls. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001.
Abbreviations: PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2; CCK-8, cell counting kit-8; OD, optical density.

Figure 5 Apoptosis in MNK-45 cells and Bel-7402 cells treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA, as measured using the annexin V cell apoptosis assay.

Notes: (A) MNK-45 cells were treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA. (B) MNK-45 cells treated with Allstar siRNA were used as negative controls. (C) Result of the apoptosis assay for MNK-45 cells. (D) Bel-7402 cells were treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA. (E) Bel-7402 cells treated with Allstar siRNA were used as negative controls. (F) Result of the apoptosis assay for MNK-45 cells. ***P<0.05.
Abbreviation: PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2.

Figure 6 Migration of MNK-45 and Bel-7402 cells treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA, as measured by the transwell migration assay.

Notes: (A) MNK-45 cells were treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA. (B) MNK-45 cells treated with Allstar siRNA were used as negative controls. (C) Result of the migration measurement for MNK-45 cells. (D) Bel-7402 cells were treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA. (E) Bel-7402 cells treated with Allstar siRNA were used as negative controls. (F) Result of the migration measurement for Bel-7402 cells. Original magnification: 4.2×. ***P<0.001.
Abbreviation: PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2.

Figure 7 Determination of significantly altered gene expression using PCR arrays.

Notes: Tumor cell lines MNK-45 and Bel-7402 were treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA. Cells treated with Allstar siRNA were used as a negative control. Significantly altered expression of tumor-related genes was detected using (A) Cancer PathwayFinder PCR array, (B) Signal Transduction PCR array, (C) Tumor Metastasis PCR array, (D) Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes PCR array and (E) p53 Signaling PCR array.
Abbreviations: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2.

Figure 8 Determination of the mRNA expression levels of CXCR2 and EPO using real-time PCR.

Notes: MNK-45 cells and Bel-7402 cells were treated with anti-PADI2 siRNA. The transcription levels of the target genes in Allstar siRNA-treated cells were set as 1. The target genes in the anti-PADI2 siRNA-treated cells were normalized to their expression in the controls. (A) CXCR2 expression level in MNK-45 cells and (B) EPO expression level in Bel-7402 cells. ***P<0.001.
Abbreviations: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PADI2, peptidylarginine deiminase isoform 2.