Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism Effects on Lipid Metabolism and Risk of Cerebral Infarction in Northwest Han Chinese Population

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the Study Population

Factors	Controls	CI	P value
Age (years)	61.26±14.29	61.52±11.24	0.742^a
Males/Females	332/185	344/173	0.472^b
Smoking	187(36.17%)	189(36.56%)	0.948^b
Drinking	99(19.15%)	142(27.47%)	0.002^b
Diabetes	119(23.02%)	162(31.33%)	0.003^b
Hypertension	265(51.26%)	356(68.86%)	<0.001^b
TC	3.78±0.86	3.81±0.92	0.560^a
HDL	1.03±0.26	1.02±0.25	0.416^a
LDL-C	2.19±0.73	2.21±0.79	0.740^a
TG	1.37±0.76	1.50±0.95	0.011^a
Cr	69.14±53.10	67.39±34.97	0.552^a
Apolipoprotein A	1.15±0.21	1.15±0.20	0.994^a
Apolipoprotein B	0.74±0.20	0.75±0.20	0.175^a
ApoB/ApoA	0.66±0.28	0.67±0.21	0.321^a
Apolipoprotein E	36.89±13.97	35.58±14.10	0.135^a
Lipoprotein	194.88±202.30	211.94±205.38	0.179^a
DB	4.71±4.72	4.50±2.37	0.395^a
IB	9.15±4.79	9.13±4.75	0.996^a

Notes: ^aP values were calculated by Student’s t-tests. ^bP values were calculated from two-sided chi-square test.

Abbreviations: CI, cerebral infarction; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; Cr, creatinine; DB, direct bilirubin; IB, indirect bilirubin.

Table 2 The Distributions of Genotypes and Alleles of the ApoE Gene in the CI Patients and Controls

Genotype, n (%)	CI Group (n=517)	Control Group (n=517)	OR (95% CI)	P^a	χ^2	P^b
E2/E2	4(0.8%)	2(0.4%)	2.010 (0.366, 11.010)	0.687	24.424	0.000
E2/E3	51(9.9%)	69(13.3%)	0.711 (0.484, 1.044)	0.099
E2/E4	6(1.2%)	11(2.1%)	0.540 (0.198, 1.472)	0.328
E3/E3	330(63.8%)	367(71.0%)	0.721 (0.555, 0.937)	0.017
E3/E4	118(22.8%)	65(12.6%)	2.057 (1.477, 2.864)	0.000
E4/E4	8(1.5%)	3(0.6%)	2.693 (0.710, 10.208)	0.224
HWE	χ^2 = 3.70, P = 0.45	χ^2 = 3.33, P =0.50
Alleles, n (%)
E2	65(6.3%)	84(8.1%)	0.759 (0.542, 1.062)	0.126	18.472	0.000
E3	829(80.2%)	868(83.9%)	0.773 (0.617, 0.969)	0.029
E4	140(13.5%)	82(7.9%)	1.818 (1.364, 2.424)	0.000

Notes: ^ap and OR (95% CI) values were calculated by logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and drinking. ^bp values were calculated from two-sided chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests.

Abbreviations: CI, cerebral infarction; HWE, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Table 3 Stratified Analyses Between ApoE Polymorphism and Risk of CI

Genotype, n (%)	Age≤60				Age>60				Males				Females
	CI	Control	OR (95% CI)	P	CI	Control	OR (95% CI)	P	CI	Control	OR (95% CI)	P	CI	Control	OR (95% CI)	P
E2/E2	0(0.0%)	1(0.4%)	1.004(0.996, 1.013)	0.494	4(1.4%)	1(0.3%)	4.129(0.459, 37.176)	0.212	3(0.4%)	1(0.5%)	2.912(0.301, 28.136)	0.641	1(0.0%)	1(1.0%)	1.070(0.066, 17.237)	1.000
E2/E3	23(9.8%)	29(12.7%)	0.748(0.419, 1.337)	0.378	28(9.9%)	40(13.9%)	0.683(0.409, 1.142)	0.157	31(13.5%)	45(11.1%)	0.632(0.389, 1.026)	0.062	20(11.8%)	24(14.0%)	0.877(0.465, 1.652)	0.748
E2/E4	0(0.0%)	7(3.1%)	1.032(1.008, 1.056)	0.007	6(2.1%)	4(1.4%)	1.543(0.431, 5.529)	0.541	3(0.4%)	8(3.8%)	0.356(0.094, 1.355)	0.114	3(3.5%)	3(3.0%)	1.071(0.213, 5.377)	1.000
E3/E3	163(69.4%)	174(76.0%)	0.716(0.474, 1.079)	0.119	167(59.2%)	193(67.0%)	0.715(0.508, 1.006)	0.057	220(66.8%)	233(70.2%)	0.754(0.546, 1.040)	0.085	110(65.9%)	134(68.0%)	0.665(0.425, 1.039)	0.088
E3/E4	44(18.7%)	16(7.0%)	3.067(1.675, 5.614)	0.000	74(26.2%)	49(17.0%)	1.735(1.156, 2.604)	0.008	85(17.9%)	43(13.9%)	2.206(1.474, 3.301)	0.000	33(18.8%)	22(13.0%)	1.746(0.973, 3.134)	0.078
E4/E4	5(2.1%)	2(0.9%)	2.467(0.474, 12.848)	0.450	3(1.1%)	1(0.3%)	3.086(0.319, 29.846)	0.368	2(0.9%)	2(0.5%)	0.965(0.135, 6.890)	0.972	6(0.0%)	1(1.0%)	6.611(0.788, 55.481)	0.060
Alleles, n (%)
E2	23(4.9%)	38(8.3%)	0.569(0.333, 0.971)	0.036	42(7.4%)	46(8.0%)	0.927(0.600, 1.433)	0.733	40(5.8%)	55(8.3%)	0.684(0.448, 1.042)	0.076	25(7.2%)	29(7.8%)	0.916(0.525, 1.597)	0.756
E3	393(83.6%)	393(85.8%)	0.844(0.590, 1.208)	0.354	436(77.3%)	475(82.5%)	0.724(0.541, 0.969)	0.030	556(80.8%)	554(83.4%)	0.836(0.633, 1.106)	0.209	273(78.9%)	314(84.9%)	0.667(0.454, 0.979)	0.038
E4	54(11.5%)	27(5.9%)	2.072(1.281, 3.353)	0.003	86(15.2%)	55(9.5%)	1.704(1.189, 2.444)	0.003	92(13.4%)	55(8.3%)	1.709(1.201, 2.432)	0.003	48(13.9%)	27(7.3%)	2.046(1.246, 3.361)	0.004

Note: P and OR (95% CI) values were calculated by logistic regression adjusted for age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and drinking.

Abbreviation: CI, cerebral infarction.

Table 4 Relationships Between Serum Lipid Profile and ApoE Allele in CI Patients and Control Participants

CI Patient								Control Participants
Factors	ε2 (ε2ε2+ε2ε3)	ε3 (ε3)	ε4 (ε3ε4+ε4ε4)	P^a	P^b	P^c	P^d	ε2 (ε2ε2+ε2ε3)	ε3 (ε3)	ε4 (ε3ε4+ε4ε4)	P^a	P^b	P^c	P^d
TC	3.59±0.87	3.86±0.94	3.78±0.90	0.112	0.046	0.423	0.183	3.55±0.87	3.82±0.84	3.85±0.93	0.043	0.014	0.822	0.042
HDL	1.07±0.26	1.02±0.24	1.00±0.27	0.220	0.208	0.329	0.107	1.01±0.21	1.04±0.27	1.04±0.27	0.620	0.326	0.923	0.466
LDL-C	1.89±0.54	2.27±0.82	2.18±0.79	0.004	0.001	0.266	0.014	1.98±0.77	2.23±0.71	2.29±0.77	0.023	0.009	0.589	0.043
TG	1.55±1.23	1.45±0.80	1.61±1.16	0.245	0.435	0.090	0.740	1.55±0.84	1.36±0.76	1.23±0.60	0.039	0.057	0.184	0.011
Cr	64.91±20.61	67.69±36.85	68.36±34.85	0.854	0.622	0.870	0.537	65.53±21.07	70.03±60.95	69.91±26.78	0.820	0.553	0.987	0.302
Apolipoprotein A	1.26±0.23	1.16±0.20	1.12±0.21	0.000	0.002	0.061	0.000	1.17±0.18	1.16±0.21	1.13±0.22	0.514	0.710	0.139	0.263
Apolipoprotein B	0.64±0.14	0.77±0.20	0.77±0.21	0.000	0.000	0.944	0.000	0.66±0.21	0.75±0.20	0.76±0.21	0.001	0.000	0.535	0.003
ApoB/ApoA	0.54±0.14	0.68±0.21	0.70±0.20	0.000	0.000	0.274	0.000	0.56±0.20	0.67±0.31	0.68±0.21	0.012	0.005	0.807	0.001
Apolipoprotein E	49.03±21.64	34.61±10.89	32.04±14.05	0.000	0.000	0.039	0.000	50.24±17.97	34.99±11.75	32.11±12.09	0.000	0.000	0.066	0.000
Lipoprotein	215.81±213.97	210.85±207.31	212.14±201.12	0.986	0.870	0.952	0.912	133.86±109.56	203.59±216.48	213.16±182.36	0.021	0.008	0.732	0.002
DB	4.58±2.26	4.45±2.25	4.58±2.74	0.863	0.729	0.626	0.990	4.73±2.50	4.65±5.19	5.14±4.14	0.737	0.904	0.460	0.472
IB	9.08±5.26	9.14±4.58	9.13±5.12	0.998	0.943	0.991	0.959	9.14±4.41	9.06±4.79	9.78±5.04	0.526	0.890	0.263	0.434

Notes: ^ap value shows the differences compared between groups (ε2, ε3, ε4). ^bp values obtained when comparing ε2 subjects with ε3 subjects. ^cp values obtained when comparing ε4 subjects with ε3 subjects. ^dp values obtained when comparing ε2 subjects with ε4 subjects.

Abbreviations: CI, cerebral infarction; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoproteins; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; Cr, creatinine; DB, direct bilirubin; IB, indirect bilirubin.

Table 5 Logistic Regression Analysis of the Risk of CI in Northwest of China Population

Variables	P- value	OR (95% CI)
Drinking	0.006	1.701(1.167–2.478)
Hypertension	0.000	1.885(1.417–2.508)
Lipoprotein	0.046	1.001(1.000–1.001)
TG	0.028	1.363(1.035–1.797)
ApoE	0.017	0.983(0.969–0.997)
ε4	0.000	1.954(1.359–2.810)

Abbreviations: CI, cerebral infarction; TG, triglyceride.

Table 6 Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis for CI Patients and Control Subjects

ε4
	OR (95% CI)	P-value
Age≤60	2.970(1.553–5.678)	0.001
Age>60	1.715(1.082–2.719)	0.022
Males	2.182(1.398–3.407)	0.001
Females	1.500(0.779–2.887)	0.225