Prevalence and Factors Associated with Neonatal Mortality at Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northern Ethiopia. A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Neonates Admitted to ACSH from June 1, 2018 to May 30, 2019 (N=1785)

Variables	Total	Percentage
Residency
Urban	1063	59.60
Rural	722	40.40
Gestational Age
<28 Weeks	21	1.20
28–33 Weeks	163	9.20
34–36 Weeks	247	13.90
37–42 Weeks	1294	73.00
>42 Weeks	46	2.60
Place of Delivery
Home	75	4.20
Health center	481	26.90
Primary hospital	66	3.70
General hospital	245	13.70
Tertiary hospital	918	51.40
Birth Weight
<2500 gram	599	34.70
2500–3999 gram	1066	61.7
>4000 gram	62	3.50
Anthropometry
AGA	1397	85.60
SGA (term)	176	10.80
LGA	58	3.60
Not applicable	154	8.60

Abbreviations: AGA, appropriate for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age; LGA, large for gestational age, note applicable (who does not have documentation about gestational age).

Table 2 Causes of Neonatal Admissions to ACSH from June 1, 2018 to May 30, 2019 (N=1785)

Variables	Total	Percentage
Neonatal sepsis	432	24.20
Prematurity	431	24.10
With sepsis	183	42.50
With RDS	127	29.50
With asphyxia	22	5.10
With Jaundice	63	14.61
With Birth injury	10	2.32
With congenital anomaly	7	1.62
With others	19	4.40
Neonatal jaundice	205	11.48
Congenital anomaly	190	10.64
PNA	174	9.74
RDS in term baby	4	0.22
Birth injury	111	6.21
Anemia	57	3.20
Seizure	27	1.50
MAS	53	3.00
TORCH infection	7	0.40
Others	94	5.30

Abbreviations: PNA, perinatal asphyxia; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; MAS, meconium aspiration syndrome.

Table 3 Multiple Logistic Regression of Neonatal Mortality at ACSH from June 1, 2018 to May 30, 2019 (N=1785)

Variables		Improved	Died	COR	AOR	P value
Address	Urban	918	146	Ref.	Ref.
	Rural	569	152	1.74(1.4–2.2)	1.3(0.9–1.7)	0.18
Parity	Para 1	666	129	Ref.	Ref.
	Para 2–4	656	107	0.58(0.40.82)	0.64(0.44–0.93)	0.02
	>Four	170	57	0.49(0.34–0.70)	1.10(0.67–1.81)	0.68
Place of Delivery	Home	56	19	Ref.	Ref.
	Health center	378	103	0.80(0.45–1.41)	0.50(0.24–1.04)	0.06
	Hospital	1058	171	0.48(0.28–0.83)	0.3(0.15–0.61)	0.001
Birth Weight	<1500	80	80	Ref.	Ref.
	1500–2499	362	78	0.21(0.15–0.32)	0.50(0.29–0.56)	0.011
	2500–3999	947	122	0.13(0.09–0.18)	0.23(0.12–0.41)	P<0.001
	>4000	62	0	0.03(0.01–0.14)	0.20(0.05–0.93)	0.04
Gestational Age	< 28wks	3	18	Ref.	Ref.
	28–33+6 wks	82	81	0.17(0.05–0.58)	0.28(0.05–1.67)	0.164
	34–36+6 wks	207	40	0.03(0.01–0.11)	0.09(0.014–0.59)	0.012
	37–41+6 wks	1152	142	0.02(0.01–0.07)	0.025(0.003–0.218)	0.001
	>42 wks	38	8	0.05(0.01–0.18)	0.039(0.004–0.4250	0.008
PNA	No	1376	213	Ref.	Ref.
	Yes	111	85	5.02(3.66–6.91)	19.64(12.35–31.24)	P<0.001
RDS	No	1451	203	Ref.	Ref.
	Yes	41	90	15.5(10.43–23.08)	12.56(6.40–24.66)	P<0.001
Jaundice	No	1240	277	Ref.	Ref.
	Yes	247	21	2.59(1.63–4.12)	1.79(0.98–3.28)	0.056
Congenital Anomaly	No	1314	274	Ref	Ref.
	Yes	173	24	1.43(0.99–2.06)	2.42(1.48–4.01)	P<0.001
Birth Injury	No	1376	288	Ref.	Ref.
	Yes	111	10	0.44(0.22–0.84)	0.61(0.27–1.36)	0.23
Sepsis	No	994	176	Ref.	Ref.
	EONS	396	92	(1.33(1.01–1.76)	3.68(2.32–5.81)	P<0.001
	LONS	97	30	1.78(1.14–2.76)	8.93(4.14–19.21)	P<0.001
Hospital Stay	<7 days	1043	293	Ref.	Ref.
	>7 days	444	5	0.34(0.23–0.48)	0.09(0.05–0.14)	P<0.001
Body Temperature	Normal	751	131	Ref.	Ref.
	Mild hypo	55	9	0.94(0.45–1.940	0.48(0.18–1.28)	0.146
	Moderate hypo	607	146	1.34(1.03–1.74)	0.77(0.52–1.14)	0.194
	Severe hypo	21	6	1.63(0.65–4.13)	1.00(0.22–4.40)	0.99
	Fever	53	6	0.65(0.27–1.54)	0.89(0.30–2.65)	0.84

Abbreviations: PNA, Perinatal asphyxia; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome, EONS, early-onset neonatal sepsis; LONS, late-onset neonatal sepsis; hypo, hypothermia; COR, crude odds AOR; adjusted odds ratio; ACSH, Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital.