Clinical Profile of Covid-19 in Children, Review of Existing Literatures

Figures & data

Figure 1 SARS-CoV-2 structure.

Notes: Reproduced from StatPearls Publishing LLC. Copyright © 2020. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).⁶⁵

Figure 2 Pathogenesis, corona replication.

Notes: Reproduced from StatPearls Publishing LLC. Copyright © 2020. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).⁶⁵

Table 1 Summary Laboratory Changes with the Severity of COVID-19

Mild COVID-19	Severe COVID-19
↔ Lymphocytes	↔ Lymphocytes
↓ ↔WBC Count	↑ ↔ WBC Count
↓ Neutrophils
↑ ESR
↑ CK-MB	↑ CK-MB
↑ Procalcitonin	↑ Procalcitonin
↑ ALT	↑ ALT
↑ LDH	↑ LDH
↑ AST
	↑ IL-10
↑ CRP	↑ CRP
↑ D-dimer	↑ D-dimer

Notes: ↓ Decreased, ↔ no change, ↑ increase.

Abbreviations: LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; WBC, white blood cell count; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP, c-reactive protein; IL-10, interleukin-10; CK-MB, creatine kinase-MB.

Table 2 Comparison of Laboratory Finding Among Adults and Children with COVID-19

Laboratory Finding	Children	Adult
White blood cell count	Normal	Abnormal
Neutrophil	Decreased	Increased
Lymphocytes	Increased	Decreased
Abnormal ALT	Higher	Lower
Abnormal AST	Similar	Similar
Abnormal CK	Lower	Higher
Abnormal Myo	Higher	Lower
Abnormal PT	Higher	Lower
Abnormal D-dimer	Similar	Similar
LDH	Significantly increased	Increase
CRP	Decreased	Significantly increase
IL-6	Decreased	Significantly increase

Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CRP, c-reactive protein; PT, prothrombin time; CK, creatine kinase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; IL-6, interleukin-6.

Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation, and Treatment of Coronavirus (COVID-19). Treasure Island, FL: StatPearls Publishing; 2020.

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