Prediction of pain in orthodontic patients based on preoperative pain assessment

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the subjects

Demographics	N
Sex
Male	51
Female	70
Age, years
<18	5
18–21	108
>21	8
Regional
Zhejiang province	68
Other provinces	53
Crowding, mm
4–8	121
Malocclusion
Class I	43
Class II	63
Class III	15
Total	121

Table 2 Pain intensity on a visual analog scale (0–100) from extraction to orthodontic treatment

Time	Pain intensity, median (interquartile range)	r with preoperative pain tolerance	Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (P)
Preoperative pain tolerance (seconds)	60.5 (48–90)	None	0.032
Highest pain experienced after extraction	42.41 (36–46.5)**	0.57	0.02
T0	2.61 (1–3)	0.10	0.001
T1	53.31 (43–66.5)**	0.71	0.29
T2	43.21 (33–55.5)**	0.69	0.32
T3	26.57 (16.5–35)**	0.73	0.45
T4	8.58 (2–12)**	0.62	0.001

Notes: Preoperative pain tolerance (seconds) compared with other groups,

** significant at P<0.01. Before bonding (T0), 24 hours after bonding (T1), 2 days after bonding (T2), 4 days after bonding (T3), and 7 days after bonding (T4).

Figure 1 Pain intensity at each time point as reported by subjects using a 10 cm visual analog scale.

Note: Before bonding (T0), 24 hours after bonding (T1), 2 days after bonding (T2), 4 days after bonding (T3), and 7 days after bonding (T4).

Figure 2 The distribution of participants according to pain intensity and preoperative pain tolerance.

Abbreviations: VAS, visual analog scale; s, seconds.