Physician and patient benefit–risk preferences from two randomized long-acting injectable antipsychotic trials

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of physicians and patients

Physicians
Question	Survey physicians (N=438)
	n	%
Sex
Men	255	58.5
Missing	2	0.5
Years in practice
<1–3	23	5.3
4–9	95	21.8
10–20	162	37.2
>21	156	35.8
Missing	2	0.50
Average number of schizophrenia patients treated per month
<5	9	2.1
5–20	140	32.1
21–50	150	34.4
51–100	94	21.6
>100	43	9.9
Missing	2	0.5
% of patients of these physicians who actually took oral antipsychotics as prescribed in the past month, as assessed by physicians
Mean ± SD	68.5±15.5	–
Missing	18	4.1
Region
Ukraine	71	16.2
People’s Republic of China	50	11.4
USA	46	10.5
Russia	45	10.3
Othera	226	51.6

Patients
Question	Survey patients (N=214)		Trial patients (N=1,935)
	n	%	n	%
Age (years), mean ± SD	40.5±12.2	–	38.4±11.7	–
Sex
Men	166	77.6	1,161	60.0
Race
White	79	36.9	1,077	55.7
Black or AA	123	57.5	223	11.5
Asian	3	1.4	554	28.6
Other	7	3.3	77	4.0
Multiple	2	0.9	4	4.0
BMI (kg/m^2), mean ± SD	29.1±5.8	–	26.5±5.1	–
Age at first schizophrenia diagnosis (years)
Mean ± SD	26.6±10.1	–	27.2±9.0	–
Total PANSS score, mean ± SD	80.1±14.0	–	82.6±13.2	–
Preferences on frequency of medicationb
Every day	23	10.7	62	3.2
Every month	96	44.9	686	35.5
Every 3 months	73	34.1	1,018	52.6
No preference	15	7.0	161	8.3
Missing	7	3.3	8	0.4
Preference between pills and injectionsb
Pills	128	59.8	433	22.4
Injection	83	38.8	1,497	77.4
Missing	3	1.4	5	0.3
Civil status
Single	37	17.3	n/a	–
Married/in a long-term partnership	48	22.4	n/a	–
Widowed	7	3.3	n/a	–
Divorced	17	7.9	n/a	–
Missing	105	49.1	n/a	–
Taking a depot antipsychotic within 8 weeks prior to entering this study
Yes	11	5.1	98	5.1
No	94	43.9	295	15.2
Missing	109	50.9	1,542	79.7
Region
USA	199	93.0	325	16.8
Canada	8	3.7	11	0.6
Australia	7	3.3	7	0.4
Other	0	0	1,592	82.3

Notes:

a Includes Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Spain, and Taiwan. Each country represents ≤5% of physician respondents;

b “Preference” in these questions is meant in the convention sense and not as a formal measure of patient preference.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; N, number of respondents who answered question; n/a, not applicable; PANSS, positive and negative syndrome scale; SD, standard deviation; AA, African-American.

Figure 1 Preference weights for first series of choice questions for physicians.

Notes: Each bar represents the improvement in utility associated with switching from the least preferred to the most preferred level of each attribute. The vertical bars surrounding each mean preference weight denote the 95% CI about the point estimate.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EPS, extrapyramidal symptoms; N, number of respondents who answered the question.

Figure 2 Preference weights for first series of choice questions for patients.

Notes: ^aUnusual beliefs, hearing voices, and not trusting people to no unusual beliefs; ^bdifficulty in speaking with others or showing emotions to speaks normally and has emotions; ^cdecreased interest in social activities to less interest in social activities. Each bar represents the improvement in utility associated with switching from the least preferred to the most preferred level of each attribute. The vertical bars surrounding each mean preference weight denote the 95% CI about the point estimate.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EPS, extrapyramidal symptoms; N, number of respondents who answered the question.

Figure 3 Relative importance assigned by physicians in second series of choice questions.

Note: The vertical bars surrounding each mean preference weight denote the 95% CI about the point estimate.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; EPS, extrapyramidal symptoms; N, number of respondents who answered the question.

Figure 4 Relative importance assigned by patients to second series of choice questions.

Notes: A line plot is used here, rather than a bar plot, since the preference changes are not monotonic and cannot be represented by single bars. The vertical bars surrounding each mean preference weight denote the 95% CI about the point estimate.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; N, number of respondents who answered the question.

Figure S1 Example of physician discrete-choice question (first set).

Abbreviation: EPS, extrapyramidal symptoms.

Figure S2 Example of patient (female) discrete-choice question (first set).

Abbreviation: Pat, patient.

Figure S3 Example of patient (male) discrete-choice question (first set).

Abbreviation: Pat, patient.

Figure S4 Example of physician formulation question with follow-up adherence information (second set).

Abbreviation: EPS, extrapyramidal symptoms.

Figure S5 Example of patient formulation question with follow-up adherence information (second set).

Notes: Medicines are the same except as shown in the figure. Pat typically never misses taking her medicine.

Abbreviation: Pat, patient.