Improving doctor–patient communication: content validity examination of a novel urinary system-simulating physical model

Figures & data

Figure 1 One design image of the male urinary system.

Figure 2 The male urinary-system-simulating physical model.

Figure 3 One doctor was explaining the ureteral stent insertion.

Figure 4 The stent in the model.

Figure 5 The participant flow of the randomized controlled trial.

Table 1 Demographic characteristics

Characteristics	No in experimental group	No in control group	χ^2	P-value
Sex			0.485	0.486
Male	80	85
Female	40	35
Age division (years)			3.158	0.368
18–32	20	14
33–47	35	33
48–62	39	36
≥63	26	37
Level of education			2.223	0.329
Less than middle school	49	57
Middle school to high school	37	22
More than high school	34	41
Illness category			4.873	0.301
Renal failure	19	26
Urolithiasis	49	38
Obstruction	23	29
Tumor	18	21
Other	11	6
First hospitalization or not			0.071	0.790
First	76	74
Not the first	44	46
Total	120	120

Table 2 Impact of intervention on patient and doctor satisfaction

Investigation issue	Mean ± SD		t-test
	Experimental group	Control group	P-value
Patient satisfaction (Total MISS)	148.44±18.97	141.66±20.92	0.009
MISS subscales
Distress relief	56.04±6.46	53.88±7.43	0.017
Communication comfort	19.92±2.96	18.55±3.51	0.001
Rapport	52.25±7.75	49.96±8.94	0.035
Compliance intent	20.23±2.93	19.27±3.42	0.019

Abbreviations: MISS, Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale; SD, standard deviation.