Comparison of clinical outcomes with orodispersible versus standard oral olanzapine tablets in nonadherent patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient baseline demographic and clinical characteristics by treatment form

Variables	Overalla (N=266)	SOTb (n=89)	ODTb (n=177)	P-valuec
Sex				0.5664
Female	43.6%	35.3%	64.7%
Male	56.4%	32%	68%
Country				<0.0001
France	28.2%	62.7%	37.3%
Germany	22.9%	39.3%	60.7%
Greece	48.9%	13.8%	86.2%
Diagnosis				0.9428
Schizophrenia	73.3%	33.3%	66.7%
Bipolar disorder	26.7%	33.8%	66.2%
Any physical condition(s)d				0.7432
No	74.8%	32.7%	67.3%
Yes	25.2%	34.9%	65.1%
Age (years); mean (SD)	38.7 (12.6)	40.2 (13.5)	38 (12)	0.2188
Years since first treatment; mean (SD)e	12.1 (9.7)	13.5 (10.7)	11.4 (9.1)	0.1209
MARS at study entryf; mean (SD)	2.5 (1.37)	2.45 (1.31)	2.53 (1.40)	0.5494
CGI; mean (SD)	4.42 (1.11)	4 (1.16)	4.63 (1.03)	<0.0001
Polypharmacy (in conjunction with olanzapine)
No	83.5%	33.8%	66.2%	0.8007
Yes	16.5%	31.8%	68.2%
Antipsychotics taken prior to study entry
Amisulpride	8.3%	18.2%	81.8%	0.1128
Aripiprazole	3.8%	40%	60%	0.7359g
Chlorpromazine	7.1%	31.6%	68.4%	0.8570
Clozapine	2.6%	57.1%	42.9%	0.2278g
Fluphenazine	3.4%	11.1%	88.9%	0.2797g
Haloperidol	29.7%	24.1%	75.9%	0.0345
Perphenazine	3.4%	44.4%	55.6%	0.4881g
Quetiapine	4.9%	23.1%	76.9%	0.5532g
Risperidone	22.6%	28.3%	71.7%	0.3390
Ziprasidone	4.9%	7.7%	92.3%	0.0664g
Zuclopenthixol	2.6%	57.1%	42.9%	0.2278g
Other antipsychotic	4.5%	33.3%	66.7%	1.000g

Notes:

a Column percentage.

b Row percentage.

c The difference between the SOT and ODT groups was tested with chi-squared tests and Mann–Whitney U tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.

d n=262 (overall), n=87 (SOT), n=175 (ODT).

e n=258 (overall), n=87 (SOT), n=171 (ODT).

f The MARS ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores being associated with better compliance.

g Fischer’s exact test.

Abbreviations: CGI, Clinical Global Impression; MARS, Medication Adherence Rating Scale; ODT, orodispersible tablet; SD, standard deviation; SOT, standard oral tablets.

Table 2 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of patients by relapse

Variables	Relapse
	No	Yes	P-valuea
Sex (%)
Female	70.7	29.3	0.8145
Male	72.0	28.0
Country (%)
France	65.3	34.7	0.09
Germany	82	18
Greece	70	30
Diagnosis (%)
Schizophrenia	73.3	26.7	0.2544
Bipolar disorder	66.2	33.8
Any physical condition (%)
No	7	25	0.0252
Yes	60.6	39.4
Age (years); mean (SD)	38 (12.4)	40.6 (12.9)	0.1035
Years since first treatment; mean (SD)	11.1 (9.4)	14.5 (10.1)	0.0066
MARSb; mean (SD)	2.58 (1.34)	2.30 (1.42)	0.1592
CGI; mean (SD)	4.32 (1.05)	4.66 (1.24)	0.0051

Notes:

a The difference between the relapse groups was tested with chi-squared tests and Mann–Whitney U tests for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.

b The MARS ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores being associated with better compliance.

Abbreviations: CGI, Clinical Global Impression; MARS, Medication Adherence Rating Scale; SD, standard deviation.

Figure 1 Hospitalization and relapse rate by medication formulation at baseline.

Abbreviations: ODT, orodispersible tablet; SOT, standard oral tablets.

Table 3 Effect of treatment form on hospitalization estimated by multivariable logistic regression

Effect	OR	95% Wald confidence limits		P-value
ODT (vs SOT)	0.355	0.13	0.974	0.0444
CGI	1.622	1.045	2.516	0.0309
Schizophrenia (vs bipolar disorder)	1.074	0.387	2.984	0.8907
Female (vs male)	1.295	0.522	3.216	0.5773
Country				0.0535
France	1	1	1
Germany	0.247	0.063	0.974
Greece	0.35	0.119	1.025
Age (years)	0.974	0.918	1.034	0.3867
Any physical conditions	1.203	0.423	3.42	0.7289
Time since first episode (years)	1.039	0.97	1.114	0.2762

Note: Model is adjusted for all variables in the table.

Abbreviations: CGI, Clinical Global Impression; ODT, orodispersible tablet; OR, odds ratio; SOT, standard oral tablets.

Table 4 Effect of treatment form on relapse estimated by multivariable logistic regression

Effect	OR	95% Wald confidence limits		P-value
ODT (vs SOT)	0.368	0.183	0.739	0.0049
CGI	1.545	1.158	2.06	0.0031
Schizophrenia (vs bipolar disorder)	0.809	0.415	1.579	0.5347
Female (vs male)	1.068	0.58	1.969	0.8317
Country
France	1	1	1	0.1396
Germany	0.501	0.206	1.222
Greece	1.158	0.551	2.433
Age (years)	0.99	0.956	1.026	0.5884
Any physical conditions	1.756	0.891	3.46	0.1036
Time since first episode (years)	1.034	0.99	1.081	0.1334

Note: Model is adjusted for all variables in the table.

Abbreviations: CGI, Clinical Global Impression; ODT, orodispersible tablets; OR, odds ratio; SOT, standard oral tablets.