Motivational interviewing for adherence: post-training attitudes and perceptions of physicians who treat asthma patients

Figures & data

Figure 1 Study procedures.

Training intervention in motivational interview: 2.30-hour-long training sessions for medical professionals including: asthma adherence evidence-based theoretical training, training in motivational interview for promoting adherence to asthma treatment and practical discussion about a virtual case using video support. The training in motivational interview was conducted by a psychiatrist specialized in this type of technique.

Untrained in AdhE: no previous training in adherence.

Notes: Comparison groups: Professionals trained (n=180) vs untrained in AdhE (n=180). Previous training in AdhE (n=90) vs specific training in motivational interview (n=90). Training in adherence: distance learning courses, printed material, videos, images, and social media, among others.
Abbreviation: AdhE, adherence education.

Table 1 Characteristics of trained and untrained participants

Variable	Category	Total (n=360)	Untrained (n=180)	Trained (n=180)	Differences between groups
Gender	Male	196 (54.4%)	107 (59.4%)	89 (49.4%)	0.0568
	Female	164 (45.6%)	73 (40.6%)	91 (50.6%)
Age (years)	<40	85 (23.6%)	30 (16.7%)	55 (30.6%)	0.0060**
	40–50	114 (31.7%)	59 (32.8%)	55 (30.6%)
	>50	161 (44.7%)	91 (50.6%)	70 (38.9%)
Years of experience	<10	62 (17.2%)	23 (12.8%)	39 (21.7%)	0.0498*
	10–20	143 (39.7%)	71 (39.4%)	72 (40.0%)
	>20	155 (43.1%)	86 (47.8%)	69 (38.3%)
Workplace	Primary health care center	127 (35.3%)	64 (35.6%)	63 (35.0%)	0.7964
	Specialty center	21 (5.8%)	9 (5.0%)	12 (6.7%)
	Hospital	212 (58.9%)	107 (59.4%)	105 (58.3%)
Training	MI	97 (26.9%)	–	97 (53.9%)	NA
	Distance learning courses	39 (10.8%)	–	39 (21.7%)	NA
	Printed material	89 (24.7%)	–	89 (49.4%)	NA
	Videos or images	51 (14.2%)	–	51 (28.1%)	NA
	Social media	14 (3.9%)	–	14 (7.8%)	NA
	Others	38 (10.6%)	–	38 (21.1%)	NA
Option that best suits you		164 (45.6%)	–	164 (91.1%)	NA

Notes: Chi-squared test was applied; statistically significant:

* P<0.05 and

** P<0.01.

Abbreviations: MI, motivational interviewing; NA, not applicable.

Table 2 Characteristics of participants trained in adherence and those trained in motivational interview

Variables	Category	Total (n=180)	Trained in AdhE (n=90)	Trained in MI (n=90)	Differences between groups
Gender	Male	89 (49.4%)	52 (57.8%)	37 (41.1%)	0.0253*
	Female	91 (50.6%)	38 (42.2%)	53 (58.9%)
Age (years)	<40	55 (30.6%)	22 (24.4%)	33 (36.7%)	0.1179
	40–50	55 (30.6%)	27 (30.0%)	28 (31.1%)
	>50	70 (38.9%)	41 (45.6%)	29 (32.2%)
Years of experience	<10	39 (21.7%)	16 (17.8%)	23 (25.6%)	0.1221
	10–20	72 (40.0%)	33 (36.7%)	39 (43.3%)
	>20	69 (38.3%)	41 (45.6%)	28 (31.1%)
Workplace	Primary health care center	63 (35.0%)	33 (36.7%)	30 (33.3%)	0.6997
	Specialty center	12 (6.7%)	7 (7.8%)	5 (5.6%)
	Hospital	105 (58.3%)	50 (55.6%)	55 (61.1%)
Training	MI	97 (53.9%)	7 (7.8%)	90 (100%)	<0.0001***
	Distance learning courses	39 (21.3%)	31 (34.4%)	8 (8.9%)	<0.0001***
	Printed material	89 (49.4%)	56 (62.2%)	33 (36.7%)	0.0006**
	Videos or images	51 (28.3%)	14 (15.6%)	37 (41.1%)	0.0001***
	Social media	14 (7.8%)	8 (8.9%)	6 (6.7%)	0.5778
	Others	38 (21.1%)	23 (25.6%)	15 (16.7%)	0.1440
Option that best suits you		164 (91.1%)	78 (86.7%)	86 (95.6%)	0.0361*

Notes: Chi-squared test was applied; statistically significant:

* P<0.05,

** P<0.01 and

*** P<0.001.

Abbreviations: AdhE, adherence education; MI, motivational interviewing.

Figure 2 Interventions to promote adherence in trained and untrained participants.

Note: *P<0.05.

Figure 3 Interventions to promote adherence in participants trained in adherence and participants trained in motivational interviewing.

Notes: *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.0001.
Abbreviations: MI, motivational interviewing; AdhE, adherence education.