Inflammatory bowel disease patients prioritize mucosal healing, symptom control, and pain when choosing therapies: results of a prospective cross-sectional willingness-to-pay study

Figures & data

Table 1 Treatment features and attribute levels for WTP survey

Attributes	Levels
Mode of administration	Take a pill by mouth
	Inject the medicine by yourself
	Infusion that requires 30–60 minutes
	Infusion that requires 2–3 hours
Dosing schedule	Every day
	Every 2 weeks
	Every 4 weeks
	Every 8 weeks
Symptom relief	20/40/60/80 out of 100 patients in 1 year
Mucosal healing	20/40/60/80 out of 100 patients in 1 year
Need for steroids	20/40/60/80 out of 100 patients in 1 year
Chance of hospitalization in next year	10 or 20 out of 100 patients
Chance of surgery in next year	1–4 out of 100 patients
Pain during administration	0/2/4/6/8 on a scale of 0–10
Time on market/number of patients exposed	New/500 patients 3 years/500,000 patients 10 years/millions of patients
Speed of onset	Same day/1 week/2 weeks/1 month/2 months/4 months
Injection reaction	0/4/40 per person every year
Infusion reaction	0/3 per person every year

Abbreviation: WTP, willingness-to-pay.

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of WTP survey respondents reporting a diagnosis of IBD (N=586)

Sociodemographics characteristic	n (%) N=586
IBD type, n (%)
CD	404 (68.9%)
UC	182 (31.1%)
Age category (years), n (%)
<21	23 (3.9%)
21–30	126 (21.5%)
31–40	145 (24.7%)
41–50	117 (20.0%)
51–60	98 (16.7%)
>60	50 (8.5%)
No response	27 (4.6%)
Gender, n (%)
Female	285 (48.6%)
Male	274 (46.8%)
No response	27 (4.6%)
Racial background, n (%)
Asian	11 (1.9%)
Black	3 (0.5%)
Caucasian	509 (86.9%)
No response	46 (7.8%)
Other	17 (2.9%)
Highest level of education, n (%)
Less than high school	14 (2.4%)
High school	91 (15.5%)
Some college or technical school	231 (39.4%)
University degree	160 (27.3%)
Graduate degree	27 (4.6%)
Professional degreea	24 (4.1%)
No response	39 (6.7%)
Employment status, n (%)
Full-time (>30 hours/wk)	344 (58.7%)
Part-time	50 (8.5%)
Homemaker	23 (3.9%)
Student	39 (6.7%)
Retired	54 (9.2%)
Not currently employed	40 (6.8%)
No response	36 (9.4%)
Household income
Under $20,000	53 (9.0%)
$20,000–$39,999	64 (10.9%)
$40,000–$59,999	91 (15.5%)
$60,000–$79,999	61 (10.4%)
$80,000–$99,999	57 (9.7%)
$100,000–$124,999	59 (10.1%)
$125,000–$149,999	30 (5.1%)
$150,000–$199,999	31 (5.3%)
$200,000 or more	9 (1.5%)
No response	131 (22.4%)
Overall health status,b n (%)
1	1 (0.2%)
2	5 (0.8%)
3	21 (3.6%)
4	23 (3.9%)
5	43 (7.4%)
6	80 (13.7%)
7	126 (21.5%)
8	152 (25.9%)
9	81 (13.8%)
10	25 (4.3%)
No response	29 (4.9%)

Notes:

a Including MD, LLB, DVM, DD, DDS.

b Higher scores indicate improved health status.

Abbreviations: CD, Crohn’s disease; DD, Doctor of Divinity; DDS, Doctor of Dental Surgery; DVM, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; LLB, Literally Legum Baccalaureus; MD, Medicinae Doctor; UC, ulcerative colitis; wk, week; WTP, willingness-to-pay.

Table 3 Previous and current therapies of WTP survey respondents reporting a diagnosis of IBD

Previous and current types of therapya	Ever use	Current useb
	n (%)	n (%)
Biologic treatment
Infliximab	532 (90.8%)	527 (89.9%)
Adalimumab	58 (9.9%)	2 (0.3%)
Golimumab	3 (0.5%)	2 (0.3%)
Ustekinumab	2 (0.3%)	2 (0.3%)
Etanercept	4 (0.7%)	0 (0.0%)
Nonbiologic treatment
Azathioprine or mercaptopurine	328 (56.0%)	141 (24.1%)
Methotrexate	67 (11.4%)	28 (4.8%)
Steroids	391 (66.7%)	43 (7.3%)
5-aminosalicylic acid	232 (39.6%)	55 (9.4%)
Antibiotics	108 (18.4%)	16 (2.7%)
Investigational treatment	154 (26.3%)	8 (1.4%)

Notes:

a Patients may have reported the use of multiple types of treatment.

b The column total does not sum to 100% as the treatment type categories are not mutually exclusive.

Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; WTP, willingness-to-pay.

Figure 1 WTP ($ per month, out of pocket) for N=586 respondents reporting a diagnosis of IBD.

Notes: (A) Administration characteristics, (B) efficacy outcomes, and (C) safety risks. Each WTP estimate shows the value that the average respondent would place on a specific outcome or product attribute. A higher WTP indicates a more preferred outcome or product attribute. Lowest valued attribute is set to $0 per month, out of pocket, in each category. When comparing across attributes, those with the highest absolute WTP are ranked the most important to respondents.
Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; WTP, willingness-to-pay.

Figure 2 WTP ($ per month, out of pocket) for stable asymptomatic patients (no symptoms during previous 12 months, n=224) or patients with presence of symptoms (≥1 episode of symptoms or disease worsening in previous 12 months, n=362).

Notes: (A) Administration characteristics, (B) efficacy outcomes, and (C) safety risks. Each WTP estimate shows the value that the average respondent would place on a specific outcome or product attribute. A higher WTP indicates a more preferred outcome or product attribute. Lowest valued attribute is set to $0 per month, out of pocket, in each category. When comparing across attributes, those with the highest absolute WTP are ranked the most important to respondents.
Abbreviation: WTP, willingness-to-pay.