Predictors of medication nonadherence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Sichuan: a cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of participants

Variables	Mean (SD)	Minimum, maximum	Frequency (%)
Age, years	36.9 (13.9)	18, 72
Gender, female			125 (89.3)
Residence, rural			55 (39.3)
Education level, ≤9 years			76 (45.0)
Single			40 (28.6)
Childlessness			41 (29.3)
Unemployed			115 (82.1)
Medical insurance, yes			92 (65.7)
Diagnosis duration, months	61.6 (75.7)	1, 363
SLEDAI-2K	10.1 (4.4)	2, 24
Comorbidity, yes			116 (82.9)
Type of SLE medicine
GC			25 (17.9)
GC+HCQ			69 (49.3)
GC+ISD			24 (17.1)
GC+HCQ+ISD			22 (15.7)
Daily medication more than once, yes			84 (60.0)
Fully understanding medication instructions, no			92 (65.7)
Side effects experienced, yes			90 (64.3)
Satisfaction with treatment, yes			65 (46.4)
SF-36 PCS score	49.6 (12.1)	24.0, 79.8
SF-36 MCS score	47.3 (13.7)	19.8, 74.7

Abbreviations: GC, glucocorticoids; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; ISD, immunosuppressive drug; SF-36, Short Form 36-item Health Survey; SF-36 MCS, mental component summary of SF-36; SF-36 PCS, physical component summary of SF-36; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI-2K, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000.

Table 2 Factors associated with medication nonadherence in patients with SLE

Variables	Univariate analysis OR (95% CI; P-value)	Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI; P-value)
Age, years	1.02 (0.99–1.05; P=0.234)	1.02 (0.97–1.07; P=0.399)
Female	1.10 (0.33–3.71; P=0.875)	0.64 (0.07–5.70; P=0.693)
Rural	2.74 (1.14–6.58; P=0.025)	2.90 (1.09–7.75; P=0.034)
Education level, ≤9 years	3.06 (1.31–7.15; P=0.010)	3.11 (1.20–8.09; P=0.020)
Single	2.32 (0.88–6.10; P=0.090)	1.02 (0.19–5.49; P=0.982)
Childlessness	3.13 (1.12–8.76; P=0.030)	3.21 (1.03–10.05; P=0.045)
Unemployed	0.52 (0.16–1.62; P=0.258)	0.24 (0.05–1.31; P=0.100)
Medical insurance, yes	0.39 (0.16–0.98; P=0.044)	0.52 (0.13–2.04; P=0.348)
Diagnosis duration, months	1.01 (1.00–1.02; P=0.034)	1.01 (0.99–1.02; P=0.233)
SLEDAI-2K	0.93 (0.86–1.01; P=0.101)	1.03 (0.88–1.20; P=0.719)
Comorbidity, yes	2.08 (0.82–5.29; P=0.125)	2.24 (0.49–10.24; P=0.299)
Type of SLE medicine
GC (ref.)
GC+HCQ	0.97 (0.33–2.81; P=0.949)	0.41 (0.07–2.32; P=0.310)
GC+ISD	0.77 (0.22–2.74; P=0.683)	0.20 (0.03–1.66; P=0.137)
GC+HCQ+ISD	1.07 (0.28–4.16; P=0.918)	0.40 (0.04–3.60; P=0.412)
Daily medication more than once, yes	2.18 (1.00–4.74; P=0.049)	2.51 (0.67–9.39; P=0.171)
Full understanding medication instructions, no	4.33 (1.94–9.70; P<0.001)	3.95 (1.56–9.98; P=0.004)
Side effects experienced, yes	2.84 (1.29–6.22; P=0.009)	2.42 (1.11–5.28; P=0.027)
Satisfaction with treatment, yes	0.29 (0.13–0.66; P=0.003)	0.29 (0.09–0.93; P=0.037)
SF-36 PCS score	1.04 (1.01–1.08; P=0.020)	1.12 (1.03–1.22; P=0.007)
SF-36 MCS score	1.00 (0.98–1.03; P=0.813)	0.95 (0.89–1.01; P=0.110)

Note: The bold value indicates statistical significance at the 0.05 level.

Abbreviations: GC, glucocorticoids; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; ISD, immunosuppressive drug; OR, odds ratio; SF-36, Short Form 36-item Health Survey; SF-36 MCS, mental component summary of SF-36; SF-36 PCS, physical component summary of SF-36; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI-2K, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000.