The impact of fatwas on patients’ acceptance of enamel matrix derivatives for periodontal regeneration in Saudi Arabia

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics of the study population (n=213)

Variable	Value	n	%
Gender	Female	144	67.61
	Male	69	32.39
	Total	213	100
Highest education	PhD	4	1.88
	Master’s degree	8	3.76
	Bachelor’s degree	112	52.58
	High school	62	29.11
	Intermediate	16	7.51
	Primary	8	3.76
	None	3	1.41
	Total	213	100
Economic status	High class	44	20.66
	Middle class	101	47.41
	Low class	67	31.46
	Missing	1	0.47
	Total	213	100
Job status	Full time	65	30.52
	Part time	17	7.98
	Retired	17	7.98
	I do not work	112	52.58
	Missing	2	0.94
	Total	213	100
Marital status	Married	128	60.09
	Divorced	5	2.35
	Widowed	1	0.47
	Single	79	37.09
	Total	213	100

Table 2 Participants’ knowledge on the use of bone materials in periodontal regeneration

Variable	Value	Heard of biomaterials				P-value
		No		Yes
		n	%	n	%
Religious side	Committed	27	100	0	0	0.008*
	Conservative	78	95.12	4	4.88
	Conservative to open	80	91.95	7	8.05
	Open	12	70.59	5	29.41
	Total	197	92.4%	16	7.6%
Higher education	Yes	110	88.71	14	11.29	0.016*
	No	87	97.75	2	2.25
	Total	197	92.4%	16	7.6%

Note:

* Statistically significant difference (P<0.05).

Table 3 Opinions of participants regarding biomaterial use from various sources (before reading the fatwas)

Variable	Accept use	Committed (n=27)		Conservative (n=82)		Conservative to open (n=87)		Open (n=17)		P-value
		n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
General opinion	Yes	0	0	18	21.95	33	37.93	14	82.35	<0.001*
	No	27	100.00	64	78.05	54	62.07	3	17.65
Source: horse	Yes	9	33.33	33	40.24	49	56.32	13	76.47	0.007*
	No	18	66.67	49	59.76	38	43.68	4	23.53
Source: cow	Yes	9	33.33	30	36.59	45	51.72	11	64.71	0.0442
	No	18	66.67	52	63.41	42	48.28	6	35.29
Source: pig Missing	Yes	1	3.70	3	3.66	15	17.24	11	64.71	<0.001*
	No	26	96.30	78	95.12	72	82.76	6	35.29
		0	0	1	1.22	0	0	0	0
Source: self	Yes	21	77.78	69	84.15	73	83.91	16	94.12	0.5563
	No	6	22.22	13	15.85	14	16.09	1	5.88
Source: someone else	Yes	17	62.96	39	47.56	62	71.26	13	76.47	0.0079*
	No	10	37.04	43	52.44	25	28.74	4	23.53

Note:

* Statistically significant difference (P<0.05).

Figure 1 Graph illustrating participants opinions regarding enamel matrix derivatives use before and after reading the fatwas.

Notes: Y axis shows the percentage of participants refusing biomaterial use. The lines illustrate the number of participants refusing biomaterial use.

Table 4 Summary of logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors for not accepting bone material use (n=213)

Variable	Estimate	SE	Statistic	P-value	OR	Confidence interval
						2.5%	97.5%
Intercept	2.021	0.499	4.050	0.000	7.548	3.090	26.195
Higher education	−0.664	0.333	−1.992	0.046	0.515	0.255	0.975
Committed or conservative	0.742	0.333	2.230	0.026*	2.100	1.112	4.246
Periodontal patient	0.150	0.429	0.349	0.727	1.161	0.516	2.882
Saudi nationality	−1.309	0.498	−2.629	0.009*	0.270	0.080	0.664

Note:

* Statistically significant, P<0.05.