Patient experiences with interdisciplinary treatment for substance dependence: an assessment of quality indicators based on two national surveys in Norway

Figures & data

Table 1 Sample descriptives at the hospital trust level in 2013, 2014, and both years combined

	2013		2014		2013+2014
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Gender
Male	450	66.0	489	71.0	939	68.5
Female	232	34.0	200	29.0	432	31.5
Marital status
Married/cohabiting	132	19.5	116	17.0	248	18.2
Single	545	80.5	566	83.0	1,111	81.8
Education
Primary school	282	41.7	271	40.1	553	40.9
Secondary school	321	47.4	334	49.5	655	48.4
University or college	74	10.9	70	10.4	144	10.7
Self-perceived physical health
Excellent	45	6.6	54	7.8	99	7.2
Very good	141	20.7	146	21.2	287	20.9
Good	241	35.4	248	36.0	489	35.7
Quite good	162	23.8	171	24.8	333	24.3
Poor	92	13.5	70	10.2	162	11.8
Self-perceived mental health
Excellent	32	4.7	40	5.8	72	5.3
Very good	107	15.7	124	18.1	231	16.9
Good	228	33.5	229	33.4	457	33.5
Quite good	190	27.9	190	27.7	380	27.8
Poor	123	18.1	103	15.0	226	16.5
Most frequently used drug/substance prior to this admission
Alcohol	321	44.8	337	45.9	658	45.3
Medication	330	46.0	304	41.4	634	43.7
Cannabis	323	45.0	332	45.2	655	45.1
Cocaine/amphetamine	348	48.5	367	49.9	715	49.2
Heroin/morphine	200	27.9	213	29.0	413	28.4
Other	95	13.2	83	11.3	178	12.3
Length of stay at this institution
0–2 weeks	95	13.3	96	13.2	191	13.3
3–11 weeks	264	37.1	284	39.0	548	38.1
3–6 months	203	28.5	219	30.1	422	29.3
7–12 months	107	15.0	99	13.6	206	14.3
>12 months	43	6.0	30	4.1	73	5.1
Previous admissions
No	211	30.9	229	33.4	440	32.2
Yes, once	180	26.4	174	25.4	354	25.9
Yes, twice	130	19.1	113	16.5	243	17.8
Yes, 3–5 times	97	14.2	117	17.1	214	15.6
Yes, >5 times	64	9.4	53	7.7	117	8.6
	n	years	n	years	n	years
Age	678	35.9 (mean)	667	36.1 (mean)	1,345	36.0 (mean)
Age when substance dependence developed	669	19.6 (mean)	673	19.8 (mean)	1,342	19.7 (mean)

Table 2 Results from multilevel regression models of the associations between independent variables and scale scores

	Treatment and personnel		Milieu		Outcome
Variable	Estimate	P	Estimate	P	Estimate	P
Most frequently used drug/substance prior to this admission
Alcohol	3.764	0.006	2.014	0.086	3.638	0.020
Medication	1.052	0.512	−0.747	0.586	1.724	0.345
Cannabis	−1.904	0.211	−1.503	0.248	−3.201	0.065
Cocaine/amphetamine	2.581	0.081	2.842	0.024	2.025	0.230
Mixed use^a	−0.463	0.626	0.638	0.432	0.203	0.851
Length of stay at this institution^b	2.249	0.000	−1.490	0.001	2.434	0.000
Pressured/forced by others to be admitted for treatment	−0.919	0.025	−1.062	0.002	−1.651	0.000
Gender
Male	–	–	–	–	–	–
Female	2.623	0.020	0.117	0.903	3.730	0.004
Age	0.177	0.003	0.251	0.000	0.055	0.420
Age when substance dependence developed	0.044	0.537	−0.024	0.687	0.139	0.083
Self-perceived physical health^b	−1.830	0.000	−1.347	0.002	−1.592	0.007
Self-perceived mental health^b	−1.869	0.000	−1.596	0.000	−2.837	0.000
Year
2013	–	–	–	–	–	–
2014	−0.352	0.726	0.072	0.933	0.169	0.882

Notes: ^aSum of the respondent replies to which substance was most frequently used before admission, and indicates how many substances each respondent reported to have used (range =1–6); ^bnumerical variables.

Table 3 Summary statistics on model variance

Scale	Var(U0j)^a	Var(Rij)^b	Total variance explained (%)^c	ICC^d	Design effect
Treatment and personnel	7.55	298.01	7.62	0.023	2.34
Milieu	23.29	218.99	6.97	0.081	5.69
Outcome	20.69	382.26	7.72	0.048	3.90

Notes: ^aHospital-trust-level variance. ^bPatient-level residual variance. ^cTotal variance explained calculated only for the individual level. ^dICC calculated from the multilevel regression null models with hospital trusts as random intercepts.

Figure 1 Variations in mean scale scores with 95% confidence intervals across hospital trusts.^a

Note: ^aSomewhat fewer respondents compared to other results due to the R analyses eliminating cases with missing data on one or more variables in the case-mix adjustment model.

Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to this being one part of an ongoing PhD-project at the NIPH and the University of Oslo. Request for permission to use the data must be directed to the NIPH.