Treatment Adherence Among Patients with Five Dermatological Diseases and Four Treatment Types - a Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic And Characteristics Of Study Subjects (n=2330)

Name Of Variable		Frequency	(Percent %)
Nationality	Saudi	2330	(100.0)
	Non-Saudi	0.00	(0.00)
Age (years)	(Mean*Std. Deviation**)	25.30*	(8.098)**
	≤20	733	(31.5)
	21–30	1186	(50.9)
	31–40	272	(11.7)
	41–50	92	(3.9)
	>50	47	(2.0)
Gender	Female	1852	(79.5)
	Male	478	(20.5)
Marital status:	Single	1699	(72.9)
	Married	565	(24.2)
	Divorced	50	(2.1)
	Widowed	16	(0.7)
Educational status:	High school and below	518	(22.2)
	University and above	1812	(77.8)
Dermatological conditions	Acne vulgaris	897	(38.5)
	Hair growth disorder	301	(12.9)
	Vitiligo	265	(11.4)
	Chronic Dermatitis	603	(25.9)
	Psoriasis	264	(11.3)
Treatment type	Phototherby	183	(7.9)
	Injection	118	(5.1)
	Topical	1459	(62.6)
	Oral	570	(24.5)
Duration of treatment	From 1 to 3 months	731	(31.4)
	> 3 to 6 months	442	(19.0)
	>6 to 9 months	232	(10.0)
	> 9 months to 12 months	145	(6.2)
	>12 months	780	(33.5)

Notes: Mean (*). Standard deviation (**).

Table 2 Comparison of Medication Adherence Mean Score in Relation to The Dermatological Condition and Treatment Type of Study Subjects (n=2330)

Variables	Frequency (Percent %)	Medication Adherence Score Mean (Std. Deviation)	F-value	p-value
Dermatological conditions			43.511	0.000
Acne vulgaris	897 (38.5)	47.45 (7.388)
Hair growth disorder	301 (12.9)	44.72 (7.583)
Vitiligo	265 (11.4)	44.52 (8.799)
Chronic Dermatitis	603 (25.9)	42.63 (7.774)
Psoriasis	264 (11.3)	42.24 (9.131)
Treatment type			36.487	0.000
Phototherby	183 (7.9)	46.28 (9.031)
Injection	118 (5.1)	44.54 (8.639)
Topical	1459 (62.6)	43.70 (7.811)
Oral	570 (24.5)	47.72 (7.978)

Table 3 Comparison Of Medication Adherence Mean Score In Relation To Socio-Demographic Characteristics Of Study Subjects And Patient Related Factors (n=2330)

Characteristics		Frequency	(Percent %)	Medication Adherence Score Mean	(Std. Deviation)	F-value/t-value*	p-value
Age (years)	≤20	733	(31.5)	45.05	(7.970)	1.490	0.203
	21–30	1186	(50.9)	45.14	(8.179)
	31–40	272	(11.7)	44.31	(8.474)
	41–50	92	(3.9)	43.47	(8.291)
	>50	47	(2.0)	44.09	(9.165)
Gender	Female	1852	(79.5)	45.38	(7.943)	5.348*	<0.0001
	Male	478	(20.5)	43.15	(8.815)
Marital status:	Single	1699	(72.9)	45.35	(8.039)	5.760	0.001
	Married	565	(24.2)	43.73	(8.444)
	Divorced	50	(2.1)	44.58	(8.890)
	Widowed	16	(0.7)	43.63	(7.293)
Educational status:	High school and below	518	(22.2)	44.81	(8.599)	−0.357*	0.721
	University and above	1812	(77.8)	44.96	(8.055)
Feeling to be stigmatized from using treatment	Yes	281	(12.1)	41.23	(8.202)	−8.189*	>0.0001
	No	2049	(87.9)	45.43	(8.045)
Fear of treatment side effects	Yes	1145	(49.1)	45.00	(8.028)	0.451*	0.652
	No	1185	(50.9)	44.85	(8.323)
Bad experience with the treatment	Yes	538	(23.1)	43.50	(8.258)	−4.631*	<0.0001
	No	1792	(76.9)	45.35	(8.107)
Forgetfulness	Yes	1665	(71.5)	43.60	(8.066)	−12.827*	<0.0001
	No	665	(28.5)	48.25	(7.487)
Non-adherence due to improved condition	Yes	1183	(50.8)	42.57	(7.843)	−14.732*	<0.0001
	No	1147	(49.2)	47.35	(7.803)
Lack of treatment responsiveness	Yes	760	(32.6)	42.22	(7.937)	−11.412*	<0.0001
	No	1570	(67.4)	46.24	(7.971)
Busy lifestyle	Yes	1535	(65.9)	44.79	(8.174)	−1.144*	0.253
	No	795	(34.1)	45.19	(8.183)
Connect taking treatment with a habit	Yes	1454	(62.4)	45.95	(7.744)	7.884*	<0.0001
	No	876	(37.6)	43.23	(8.590)
Satisfaction with treatment	Yes	1563	(67.1)	46.23	(8.010)	11.275*	<0.0001
	No	767	(32.9)	42.27	(7.872)
Patient-dermatologist relationship	Excellent	750	(32.2)	47.89	(7.898)	125.975	<0.0001
	Good	1108	(47.6)	44.73	(7.610)
	Poor	472	(20.3)	40.66	(7.940)
Duration of treatment	From 1 to 3 months	731	(31.4)	46.15	(7.752)	17.743	<0.0001
	> 3 to 6 months	442	(19.0)	45.98	(8.114)
	>6 to 9 months	232	(10.0)	45.90	(8.149)
	> 9 months to 12 months	145	(6.2)	43.97	(8.379)
	>12 months	780	(33.5)	43.07	(8.232)
Location of dermatological disease	Exposed area	1204	(51.7)	45.29	(8.180)	16.905	<0.0001
	Unexposed area	179	(7.7)	41.55	(8.092)
	Both	947	(40.6)	45.10	(8.055)

Note: T-value (*).

Table 4 Independent Variables Related To The Adherence Score Using Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis

Model	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients	t-value	p-value	95.0% Confidence Interval for B
	B	Std. Error	Beta			Lower Bound	Upper Bound
(Constant)	53.385	0.509		104.956	<0.0001	52.388	54.383
Non-adherence due to improved condition(Yes)	−3.673	0.300	−0.225	−12.244	<0.0001	−4.261	−3.085
Patient Dermatologist Relationship(Poor)	−4.980	0.430	−0.245	−11.572	<0.0001	−5.824	−4.136
Lack of responsiveness(Yes)	−1.892	0.341	−0.109	−5.544	<0.0001	−2.562	−1.223
Forgetfulness(Yes)	−2.804	0.331	−0.155	−8.462	<0.0001	−3.454	−2.154
Connect taking treatment with a habit(No)	−2.079	0.298	0.123	−6.974	<0.0001	−2.664	−1.494
Location of dermatological disease area (Unexposed)	−2.622	0.571	−0.085	−4.595	<0.0001	−3.741	−1.503
Patient Dermatologist Relationship(Good)	−2.100	0.336	−0.128	−6.251	<0.0001	−2.759	−1.442
Stigmatized(Yes)	−2.159	0.455	−0.086	−4.742	<0.0001	−3.051	−1.266
Dermatological Condition (Atopic Dermatitis)	−2.600	0.373	−0.139	−6.965	<0.0001	−3.332	−1.868
Satisfaction with treatment	−1.523	0.346	−0.088	−4.408	<0.0001	−2.201	−0.845
Gender(Female)	1.163	0.364	0.057	3.190	0.001	0.448	1.878
Dermatological Condition (Psoriasis)	−2.580	0.519	−0.100	−4.967	<0.0001	−3.599	−1.562
Dermatological Condition (Hair growth disorder)	−1.418	0.463	−0.058	−3.062	0.002	−2.326	−0.510
Dermatological Condition(Vitiligo)	−1.508	0.517	−0.059	−2.918	0.004	−2.521	−0.494
Duration of Treatment (9to12months)	−1.258	0.589	−0.037	−2.138	0.033	−2.413	−0.104
Location of dermatological disease area (Both)	0.621	0.313	0.037	1.983	0.047	0.007	1.235