The Impact of Treatment Adherence on Quality of Life Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients – Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 The data collection process.

Table 1 Demographic Characteristics of the Participants

Characteristics of the Participants		Frequency	Percentage
Age	25–40	88	22.9
	>40	296	77.1
Gender	Man	231	60.2
	Woman	153	39.8
Marital status	Married	368	95.8
	Unmarried	16	4.2
Education level	Illiterate	131	34.1
	Primary	37	9.6
	Secondary	47	12.2
	Graduate	99	25.8
	Postgraduate	70	18.2
Occupation	Public-sector job	61	15.9
	Private-sector job	109	28.4
	Business	93	24.2
	Unemployed	121	31.5
Residence	Rural	154	40.1
	Urban	230	59.9
Treatment	Oral	200	52.1
	Insulin	99	25.8
	Oral + insulin	85	22.1

Table 2 The Participant Responses to DAI-10 Scale

Questions		Frequency	Percentage
Q1	True	298	77.6
Q2	True	173	44.5
Q3	True	146	38.0
Q4	True	282	73.4
Q5	True	148	38.5
Q6	True	113	29.4
Q7	True	293	76.3
Q8	True	250	65.1
Q9	True	101	26.3
Q10	True	251	65.4

Table 3 The Association of Demographics with the Level of Adherence and Quality of Life by Using the Multivariate Analysis

Source	Dependent Variable	Mean Square	F-value	P-value
Age	QoL	1202.07	100.36.	<0.001*
	Drug Adherence	0.142	0.04	0.842
Gender	QoL	38.937	3.045	0.124
	Drug Adherence	0.222	0.082	0.783
Marital status	QoL	4.04	0.337	0.56
	Drug Adherence	31.11	8.71	0.003*
Educational level	QoL	7.632	0.597	0.677
	Drug Adherence	42.012	15.478	0.001*
Occupation	QoL	14.875	1.163	0.389
	Drug Adherence	0.557	0.205	0.890
Treatment	QoL	16.837	1.317	0.327
	Drug Adherence	3.464	1.276	0.337
Residence	QoL	80.080	6.263	0.041*
	Drug Adherence	0.051	0.019	0.895

Note: *p<0.05.

Abbreviation: QoL, quality of life.

Table 4 The Quality of Life of the Participants

Level of Problems	QoL Domains
	Mobility	Self-Care	Usual Activity	Pain/ Discomfort	Anxiety/ Depression
Level 1 (No Problem)	169(44%)	178(46.4%)	72(18.8%)	60(15.6%)	93(24.2%)
Level 2 (Slight Problem)	112(29.2%)	131(34.1%)	216(56.3%)	190(49.5%)	146(38%)
Level 3 (Moderate Problem)	82(21.4%)	62(16.1%)	60(15.6%)	66(17.2%)	70(18.2%)
Level 4 (Severe Problem)	21(5.5%)	13(3.4%)	30(7.8%)	29(7.6%)	38(9.9%)
Level 5 (Extreme problem)	0	0	6(1.6%)	39(10.2%)	37(9.6%)