Adherence to Iron with Folic Acid Supplementation Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Public Health Centers in Simada District, Northwest Ethiopia: Using Health Belief Model Perspective

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Pregnant Women in Simada District, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, March, 2020 (n=414)

Variable	Category	Frequency	Percent
Age in years	15–24	99	23.9
	25–34	243	58.7
	35–44	72	17.4
Religion	Orthodox	332	80.2
	Muslim	63	15.2
	Protestant	19	4.6
Marital status	Single	9	2.2
	Married	403	97.3
	Separated	2	0.5
Residence	Urban	120	29.0
	Rural	294	71.0
Educational status	Cannot read and write	152	36.7
	Can read and write	77	18.6
	Grade 1–8	68	16.4
	Grade 9–12	38	9.2
	College and above	79	19.1
Husband educational status	Cannot read and write	145	35.3
	Can read and write	53	12.9
	Grade 1–8	81	19.7
	Grade 9–12	57	13.9
	College and above	75	18.2
Family size	1–4	247	59.7
	Above 4	167	40.3
Current occupation	Housewife	288	69.6
	Government employee	66	15.9
	Private employee	2	0.5
	NGO	6	1.4
	Student	11	2.7
	Merchant	41	9.9

Table 2 Knowledge and Obstetrics History of Pregnant Women in Simada District, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, March, 2020 (n=414)

Variables	Frequency (%)	Variables
Gravidity	Multigravid	331 (80.0)
	Primigravid	83 (20.0)
Parity	Nullipara	84 (20.3)
	Multipara	330 (79.7)
ANC visit	1st	44 (10.6)
	2nd	139 (33.6)
	3rd	143 (34.5)
	4th	88 (21.3)
Time of ANC registration	Before 4 months	196 (47.3)
	After 4 months	218 (52.7)
Trimester	1st	14 (3.4)
	2nd	131 (31.6)
	3rd	269 (65.0)
History of abortion	Yes	23 (5.6)
	No	390 (94.4)
History of anemia	Yes	90 (21.7)
	No	324 (78.3)
History of preterm delivery	Yes	59 (14.3)
	No	355 (85.7)
Counseling about IFA	Yes	325 (78.5)
	No	89 (21.5)
Knowledge about IFA and anemia	Good	203 (49.0)
	Poor	211 (51.0)

Figure 1 Frequency of pregnant women's perception toward IFA supplementation.

Table 3 Factors Associated with Adherence to Iron with Folic Acid Supplementation Among Pregnant Women in Simada District, Northwest Ethiopia, March, 2020 (n=414)

Variables	Adherence		COR (95%CI)	AOR (95%CI)
	Good n (%)	Poor n (%)
Residence
Urban	97 (80.8)	23 (19.2)	1.00	1.00
Rural	183 (62.2)	111 (37.8)	0.39 (0.23–0.65)	0.58 (0.28–1.19)
ANC visit
1st	25 (56.8)	19 (43.2)	1.00	1.00
4th	78 (88.6)	10 (11.4)	5.9 3(2.44–14.41)	2.22 (0.70–7.05)
History of preterm delivery
No	230 (64.8)	125 (35.2)	1.00	1.00
Yes	50 (84.7)	9 (15.3)	4.54 (1.66–12.40)	3.70 (1.46–9.37)*
History of anemia
No	203 (62.7)	121 (37.3)	1.00	1.00
Yes	77 (85.6)	13 (14.4)	3.53 (1.88–6.62)	1.67 (0.74–3.76)
Counseling on IFA
No	34 (38.2)	55 (61.8)	1.00	1.00
Yes	246 (75.7)	79 (24.3)	5.04 (3.06–8.28)	2.28 (1.15–4.53)*
Knowledge on IFA
Poor	105 (51.0)	101 (49.0)	1.00	1.00
Good	175 (84.1)	33 (15.9)	5.10 (3.22–8.09)	1.24 (0.65–2.36)
Perceived susceptibility
Low	83 (44.1)	105 (55.9)	1.00	1.00
High	197 (87.2)	29 (12.8)	8.59 (5.29–3.95)	1.50 (0.71–3.15)
Perceived severity
Low	86 (43)	114 (57)	1.00	1.00
High	194 (90.7)	20 (9.3)	12.86 (7.50–22.04)	2.00 (0.88–4.58)
Perceived benefit
Low	94 (44.5)	117 (55.5)	1.00	1.00
High	186 (91.6)	17 (8.4)	13.70 (7.69,–4.39)	2.72 (1.25–5.90)*
Perceived barrier
Low	210 (84.7)	38 (15.3)	1.00	1.00
High	70 (42.2)	96 (57.8)	0.13 (0.08–0.21)	0.61 (0.31–1.18)
Cues to action
Low	107 (50.2)	106 (49.8)	1.00	1.00
High	173 (86.1)	28 (13.9)	6.12 (3.78–9.90)	1.76 (0.91–3.42)
Self-efficacy
Low	44 (30.6)	100 (69.4)	1.00	1.00
High	236 (87.4)	34 (12.6)	15.77 (9.52–26.14)	2.91 (1.40–6.04)*

Note: *P<0.05