Short-term clinical stability and lack of insight are associated with a negative attitude towards antipsychotic treatment at discharge in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the sample

	N = 86
Age (years), mean (SD)	43.1 (12.1)
Sex (male), N (%)	48 (55.8)
Living status (alone), N (%)	15 (17.4)
Marital status (single), N (%)	65 (78.3)
Diagnosis, N (%)
Schizophrenia	45 (52.3)
Bipolar disorder	41 (47.7)
Duration of illness (years), mean (SD)	18.3 (13.4)
Number of acute episodes within the last 5 years, mean (SD)	3.4 (4.7)
Time since the last acute episode (years), mean (SD)	3.0 (5.4)
Number of hospitalizations, mean (SD)	5.0 (7.8)
DAI-10 score, mean (SD)	2.1 (4.9)
CGI-S score, mean (SD)	3.4 (1.1)
SUMD score, mean (SD)	7.5 (3.3)
ROMI, mean (SD)
Total score	44.3 (6.0)
Compliance subscale score	19.4 (3.3)
Noncompliance subscale score	24.9 (5.2)

Abbreviations: DAI-10, 10-item Drug Attitude Inventory; CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression – Severity scale; SD, standard deviation; SUMD, Scale of Unawareness of Mental Disorders; ROMI, Rating of Medication Influences scale.

Table 2 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics according to attitude towards treatment

	Positive DAI-10 score (N = 64)	Negative DAI-10 score (N = 22)	P-value
Age (years), mean (SD)	42.1 (11.7)	45.9 (13.0)	0.201 (T = 1.29)
Sex (male), N (%)	39 (60.9)	9 (40.9)	0.103 (χ^2 = 2.66)
Living status (alone), N (%)	9 (14.1)	6 (27.3)	0.159 (χ^2 = 1.98)
Marital status (single), N (%)	48 (78.7)	17 (87.3)	0.527 (χ^2 = 1.28)
Diagnosis, N (%)			0.026 (χ^2 = 4.93)
Schizophrenia	29 (45.3)	16 (72.7)
Bipolar disorder	35 (54.7)	6 (27.3)
Duration of illness (years), mean (SD)	18.1 (13.9)	19.1 (12.3)	0.773 (T = −0.29)
Number of acute episodes within the last 5 years, mean (SD)	2.9 (4.4)	5.0 (5.7)	0.084 (T = −1.74)
Time since the last acute episode (years), mean (SD)	3.7 (5.7)	0.9 (0.7)	0.001 (T = 2.15)
Number of hospitalizations, mean (SD)	4.4 (7.9)	6.6 (7.2)	0.276 (T = −1.10)
Time since the last hospitalization (years), mean (SD)	4.5 (6.8)	0.9 (0.6)	0.001 (T = 2.18)
DAI-10 score, mean (SD)	4.5 (2.8)	−4.7 (2.7)	0.001 (T = 13.66)
CGI-S score, mean (SD)	3.3 (1.1)	3.8 (0.7)	0.045 (T = −2.03)
SUMD score, mean (SD)	6.6 (2.8)	10.1 (3.3)	0.001 (T = −4.73)
ROMI, mean (SD)
Total score	44.5 (6.1)	43.6 (5.5)	0.534 (T = 0.56)
Compliance subscale score	20.3 (2.8)	16.7 (3.2)	0.001 (T = 5.01)
N on compliance subscale score	24.2 (5.3)	26.9 (4.3)	0.021 (T = −2.21)
UKU score	4.1 (5.9)	5.0 (6.9)	0.517 (T = −0.28)

Note: Patients were grouped according to positive (≥0) or negative (<0) scores on the 10-item DAI.²³

Abbreviations: DAI-10, 10-item Drug Attitude Inventory; CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression – Severity scale; SD, standard deviation; SUMD, Scale of Unawareness of Mental Disorders; ROMI, Rating of Medication Influences scale; UKU, Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser Side Effect Rating Scale; T, Student’s t-test; χ², Chi-squared test.

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis

Step	Effect removed	DF	Number in	Wald Chi-square	Pr > ChiSq
Summary of backward elimination
1	Living status	1	8	0.0608	0.8052
2	Age	1	7	0.1411	0.7071
3	CGI-S	1	6	0.5582	0.4550
4	Diagnosis	1	5	1.6883	0.1938
5	UKU score	1	4	2.0652	0.1507
6	Sex	1	3	3.4863	0.0619
7	Time since the last hospitalization	1	2	3.8353	0.0502
		Odds ratio		95% CI	P-value
SUMD score		1.68		(1.29; 2.17)	0.0086
Number of acute episodes within the last 5 years		1.18		(1.04; 1.33)	<0.0001

Abbreviations: CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression – Severity scale; CI, confidence interval; SUMD, Scale of Unawareness of Mental Disorders; UKU, Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser Side Effect Rating Scale.

García-CabezaIGomezJCSacristanJAEdgellEGonzalez de ChavezMSubjective response to antipsychotic treatment and compliance in schizophrenia. A naturalistic study comparing olanzapine, risperidone and haloperidol (EFESO Study)BMC Psychiatry20011711835695

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