Qualitative Interviews to Support Development and Cognitive Debriefing of the Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire (ADAQ©): A Patient-Reported Measure of Medication Adherence Developed for Use in a Range of Diseases, Treatment Modalities, and Countries

Figures & data

Figure 1 Study methodology.

Abbreviations: ADAQ©, Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire; USA, United States of America.

Table 1 Participant Demographic and Clinical Characteristics

	R1 (n = 28)	R2 (n = 29)	Total (N = 57)
Age, N (%)  18 to 35 years	8 (29%)	4 (14%)	12 (21%)
36 to 60 years	16 (57%)	15 (52%)	31 (54%)
60 years plus	4 (14%)	10 (35%)	14 (25%)
Gender, N (%)  Female	18 (64%)	14 (48%)	32 (56%)
Male	10 (36%)	15 (52%)	25 (44%)
Race, N (%)  White/Caucasian/European heritage	19 (68%)	10 (35%)	29 (51%)
Mixed race	3 (11%)	6 (21%)	11 (16%)
White-Arabic/North African heritage	1 (4%)	8 (28%)	9 (16%)
Black/African American/African heritage	3 (11%)	5 (17%)	8 (14%)
Other (not defined)	2 (7%)	0 (0%)	2 (6%)
Education, N (%)  Grade school	1 (4%)	1 (3%)	2 (6%)
Some high school	2 (7%)	6 (21%)	8 (14%)
High school diploma or GED	8 (29%)	13 (45%)	21 (37%)
Some years at college	10 (36%)	4 (14%)	14 (25%)
Certificate program	1 (4%)	0 (0%)	1 (2%)
University/College (2 or 4 years)	9 (32%)	3 (10%)	12 (21%)
Graduate or professional degree	0 (0%)	1 (3%)	1 (2%)
Condition, N (%)*  Hypertension	5 (18%)	4 (14%)	9 (16%)
Multiple myeloma	2 (7%)	6 (21%)	8 (14%)
Asthma	5 (18%)	3 (10%)	8 (14%)
Psoriasis	4 (14%)	4 (14%)	8 (14%)
Diabetes	4 (14%)	3 (10%)	7 (12%)
Depression	4 (14%)	3 (10%)	7 (12%)
Multiple sclerosis	4 (14%)	3 (10%)	7 (12%)
Schizophrenia	3 (11%)	3 (10%)	6 (10%)
Presence of comorbidities, N (%)**  Yes	17 (61%)	19 (66%)	36 (63%)
No	11 (39%)	10 (34%)	21 (37%)
Mode of medication administration for condition, N (%)***
Oral pills	21 (75%)	18 (62%)	39 (68%)
Inhalation	6 (21%)	4 (14%)	10 (17%)
Injection under skin	5 (18%)	5 (17%)	10 (17%)
Applied to skin	6 (21%)	3 (10%)	9 (16%)
Injection into vein	1 (4%)	5 (17%)	6 (11%)
Oral liquids	2 (7%)	0 (0%)	2 (4%)
Infusion	0 (0%)	1 (3%)	1 (2%)
Injection (not specified)	0 (0%)	1 (3%)	1 (2%)
Total number of medications taken, N (%)  One	5 (18%)	6 (21%)	11 (16%)
Two to four	20 (71%)	21 (72%)	41 (72%)
Five to nine	3 (11%)	1 (3%)	4 (7%)
Ten or more	0 (0%)	1 (3%)	1 (2%)

Notes: *Several participants had multiple primary conditions . **Comorbidities included any other conditions that participants had other than the primary condition. ***Multiple options selected if more than one medication was taken for a condition.

Abbreviations: ADAQ, Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire; CD, cognitive debriefing; HCP, healthcare professional; CE, concept elicitation; PRO, patient-reported outcome.

Figure 2 Understanding of ADAQ© (v2) items in R1 interviews.

Abbreviations: ADAQ©, Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire; R1, round 1; v2, version 2.

Figure 3 Relevance of ADAQ© (v2) items in R1 interviews.

Abbreviations: ADAQ©, Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire; R1, round 1; v2, version 2.

Figure 4 Understanding of ADAQ© (v3) items in R2 interviews.

Abbreviations: ADAQ©, Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire; R2, round 2; v3, version 3.

Figure 5 Relevance of ADAQ© (v3) items in R2 interviews.

Note: One participant with multiple myeloma is not represented in the figure as they did not complete the interview and only debriefed Item 1 (the item was not relevant).

Abbreviations: ADAQ©, Adelphi Adherence Questionnaire; R2, round 2; v3, version 3.