Illness Beliefs, Treatment Beliefs, and Fulfilled Treatment Expectations in Psychosomatic Rehabilitation: Associations with Patient Satisfaction

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Data of Participants (N=264)

	N	%
Sex
Male	129	48.9
Female	129	48.9
Marital status
Single	57	21.6
Married	135	51.1
Divorced / separated	57	21.6
Widowed	9	3.4
Duration of illness
Less than a year	26	9.8
1–2 years	50	18.9
3–5 years	48	18.2
6–10 years	37	14.0
More than 10 years	77	29.2
I don´t know	18	6.8
Diagnosis (ICD-10)
F3 Diagnosis	145	54.9
F4 Diagnosis	94	35.6
Else	25	9.5
	Mean	SD
Age	50.4	9.8

Note: Sums that do not add up to N=264 and percentages that do not add up to 100% are caused by missing values.

Abbreviations: N, number of participants; %, percentage; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Descriptive Statistics of Illness Beliefs, Treatment Beliefs (Expectations) and Experiences Relating to Treatment Beliefs

	N	Mean	SD
Illness beliefs; t0 (Scale range)
Identity (1–17)	250	8.86	3.38
Timeline (5–25)	255	18.37	4.07
Timeline cyclical (4–20)	261	13.55	2.30
Consequences (5–25)	255	19.12	3.75
Personal control (4–20)	255	12.99	3.30
Treatment control (4–20)	250	13.61	2.65
Coherences (5–25)	260	16.19	4.77
Emotional representation (5–25)	260	17.95	4.50
Rehabilitation-related treatment beliefs; t0 (Scales range from 0 to 10, with 10 indicating high expectations)
Outcome expectations	259	8.46	1.54
Process expectations: Leisure time and social contacts	258	5.82	2.34
Process expectations: Participation and treatment structure	258	8.72	1.43
Concerns	256	4.11	1.86
Process expectation: Information	258	8.18	1.62
Necessity	257	7.20	2.02
Experiences relating to treatment beliefs; t1 (Scales range from 0 to 10, with 10 indicating high experiences)
Outcome expectations	162	5.83	2.36
Process expectations: Leisure time and social contacts	162	7.90	1.90
Process expectations: Participation and treatment structure	162	6.66	2.23
Concerns	161	3.12	1.76
Process expectation: Information	162	7.39	2.02

Abbreviations: N, number of participants; SD, standard deviation; t0, first measurement 2 to 3 weeks before the start of rehabilitation; t1, second measurement at the end of rehabilitation.

Table 3 Descriptive Statistics of the Fulfilment of Treatment Expectations

	N	Mean	SD	% (<0)	% (0)	% (>0)
Fulfillment of treatment expectations (Delta Experiences-Treatment beliefs)
Outcome expectations	159	−2.75	2.55	86.8	3.1	10.1
Process expectations: Leisure time and social contacts	162	2.18	2.55	19.1	9.3	71.6
Process expectations: Participation and treatment structure	162	−2.09	2.71	69.8	11.7	18.5
Concerns	157	−0.90	1.57	70.7	7.0	22.3
Process expectation: Information	162	−0.71	2.39	54.3	9.9	35.8

Abbreviations: N, number of participants; SD, standard deviation; %(<0), percentage of participants, whose expectations (or concerns, respectively) are not fulfilled; %(0), percentage of participants, whose expectations (or concerns, respectively) are fulfilled; %(>0), percentage of participants, whose expectations (or concerns, respectively) are exceeded.

Table 4 Illness Beliefs as Predictors of Patient Satisfaction - Regression Analyses (N=133)

	Patient Satisfaction
	Model 1	Model 2
	β (p)	β (p)
Predictors
Sex	0.003 (0.970)	0.018 (0.836)
Age	−0.062 (0.487)	0.015 (0.872)
Diagnostic group	−0.108 (0.224)	−0.092 (0.302)
Initial symptom burden	−0.097 (0.269)	0.036 (0.708)
R2/R2 corrected	0.03/.00	–
Ilness beliefs
Identity		−0.026 (0.788)
Timeline		−0.054 (0.628)
Timeline cyclical		0.082 (0.397)
Consequences		−0.081 (0.504)
Personal control		0.253 (0.014)
Treatment control		−0.041 (0.715)
Coherence		0.192 (0.047)
Emotional representation		−0.097 (0.377)
R2/R2 corrected		0.18/.10 (p=0.006)

Note: bold type=values that are significant at p<0.05.

Abbreviations: β, standardized regression coefficient; p, significance; R2/R2 corrected, explained variance.

Table 5 Treatment Beliefs as Predictors of Patient Satisfaction - Regression Analyses (N=140)

	Patient Satisfaction
	Model 1	Model 2
	β (p)	β (p)
Predictors
Sex	0.004 (0.962)	−0.021 (0.809)
Age	−0.070 (0.414)	−0.061 (0.482)
Diagnostic group	−0.139 (0.106)	−0.075 (0.382)
Initial symptom burden	−0.071 (0.404)	0.030 (0.748)
R2/R2 corrected	0.03/.00	–
Treatment beliefs
Outcome expectations		0.086 (0.451)
PE: Leisure time and social contacts		0.004 (0.969)
PE: Participation and treatment structure		−0.089 (0.424)
Concerns		−0.297 (0.002)
PE: Information		0.087 (0.442)
Necessity		0.027 (0.770)
R2/R2 corrected		0.12/.05 (p=0.063)

Note: bold type=values that are significant at p<0.05.

Abbreviations: PE, Process Expectations; β, standardized regression coefficient; p=significance; R2/R2 corrected=explained variance.

Table 6 Fulfilled Expectations as Predictors of Patient Satisfaction - Regression Analyses (N=139)

	Patient Satisfaction
	Model 1	Model 2
	β (p)	β (p)
Predictors
Sex	0.005 (0.958)	−0.053 (0.397)
Age	−0.070 (0.418)	−0.007 (0.911)
Diagnostic group	−0.139 (0.107)	−0.111 (0.074)
Initial symptom burden	−0.071 (0.408)	0.081 (0.204)
R2/R2 corrected	0.03/.00
Fulfilled expectations
Outcome expectations		0.416 (<.001)
PE: Leisure time and social contacts		−0.040 (0.572)
PE: Participation and treatment structure		0.201 (0.044)
Concerns		−0.126 (0.048)
PE: Information		0.150 (0.134)
R2/R2 corrected		0.53/.49 (p<0.001)

Note: bold type=values that are significant at p<0.05.

Abbreviations: PE, Process Expectations; β, standardized regression coefficient; p, significance; R2/R2 corrected, explained variance.