Medical Conditions and Preference of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Results from the China Healthcare Improvement Evaluation Survey

Figures & data

Figure 1 Participant identification flowchart. ^#Obstetrics and Gynecology hospitals.

Table 1 Characteristics of Participants

	N(%)
Total	28,993
Hospital type
General hospital	12,300 (42.4)
TCM hospital	7784 (26.8)
OB/Gyn hospital^#	5774 (19.9)
Cancer hospital	656 (2.3)
Specialized hospital	2479 (8.6)
Age
Young (18–34)	12,830 (44.3)
Middle age (35–59)	11,811 (40.8)
Old (60+)	4326 (14.9)
Sex
Male	9256 (31.9)
Female	19,737 (68.1)
Education
Junior high school and below	4200 (14.5)
Senior high school	6117 (21.1)
Undergraduate	15,917 (54.9)
Graduate	2759 (9.5)
Employment
Employed	14,749 (50.9)
Freelance	6035 (20.8)
Retired	3546 (12.2)
Farmer	1781 (6.1)
Student	1838 (6.3)
Unemployed	1044 (3.6)
Registered permanent residence
Rural	8379 (28.9)
Urban	20,614 (71.1)
Number of family members
1 to 2	6637 (23.0)
3 to 4	16,267 (56.3)
≥5	6010 (20.8)
Family income (RMB)
0–60 thousand	12,333 (42.7)
60–120 thousand	7068 (24.5)
Above 120 thousand	9495 (32.9)
Health insurance
UEBMI	16,132 (55.6)
URRBMI	10,379 (35.8)
Private insurance	389(1.3)
Uninsured or uncertain	2093 (7.2)

Note: ^#Obstetrics and Gynecology hospital.

Abbreviations: UEBMI, Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance; URRBMI, Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance.

Figure 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine use in different medical conditions by hospital types. ^#Obstetrics and Gynecology hospitals.

Table 2 Logistic Regression Result: Factors Associated with Multiple Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine

	A Single Function N(%)	Multiple Effect N(%)	OR(95% CI)	p-value
Total	9478 (32.7)	19,515 (67.3)	–	–
Hospital type: base General hospital	4273 (34.7)	8027 (65.3)
Traditional Chinese Medicine hospital	1943 (25.0)	5841 (75.0)	1.630 (1.529–1.738)	<0.001
OB/Gyn hospital^#	1948 (33.7)	3826 (66.3)	1.050 (0.976–1.129)	0.189
Cancer hospital	250 (38.1)	406 (61.9)	0.877 (0.743–1.036)	0.124
Specialized hospital	910 (36.7)	1569 (63.3)	0.916 (0.835–1.005)	0.063
Age: base young (18–34)	4256 (33.2)	8574 (66.8)
Middle age(35–59)	3636 (30.8)	8175 (69.2)	1.196 (1.122–1.274)	<0.001
Old(60+)	1420 (32.8)	2906 (67.2)	1.154 (1.037–1.283)	0.008
Gender: base Male	3114 (33.6)	6142 (66.4)
Female	6210 (31.5)	13,527 (68.5)	1.143 (1.080–1.209)	<0.001
Education: base Junior and below	1522 (36.2)	2678 (63.8)
Senior high school	2107 (34.4)	4010 (65.6)	1.103 (1.007–1.209)	0.034
Undergraduate	4811 (30.2)	11,106 (69.8)	1.389 (1.262–1.530)	<0.001
Graduate	884 (32.0)	1875 (68.0)	1.297 (1.142–1.474)	<0.001
Employment: base Employed	4580 (31.1)	10,169 (68.9)
Freelance	2069 (34.3)	3966 (65.7)	0.954 (0.889–1.024)	0.194
Retired	1108 (31.2)	2438 (68.8)	1.056 (0.950–1.174)	0.314
Farmer	640 (35.9)	1141 (64.1)	1.010 (0.886–1.153)	0.878
Student	555 (30.2)	1283 (69.8)	1.193 (1.059–1.344)	0.004
Unemployed	372 (35.6)	672 (64.4)	0.969 (0.841–1.117)	0.667
Registered permanent residence: base Rural	2883 (34.4)	5496 (65.6)
Urban	6441 (31.2)	14,173 (68.8)	1.015 (0.952–1.083)	0.643
No. of family members: base 1 to 2	2252 (33.9)	4385 (66.1)
3 to 4	5136 (31.6)	11,131 (68.4)	1.066 (1.000–1.136)	0.048
≥5	1905 (31.7)	4105 (68.3)	1.122 (1.038–1.213)	0.004
Family income: base 0–60 thousand (RMB)	4256 (34.5)	8077 (65.5)
60–120 thousand (RMB)	2160 (30.6)	4908 (69.4)	1.159 (1.086–1.237)	<0.001
Above 120 thousand (RMB)	2872 (30.2)	6623 (69.8)	1.163 (1.092–1.239)	<0.001
Health insurance: base UEBMI	5009 (31.1)	11,123 (68.9)
URRBMI	3376 (32.5)	7003 (67.5)	1.032 (0.968–1.099)	0.335
Private insurance	144 (37.0)	245 (63.0)	0.810 (0.656–1.001)	0.051
Uninsured or uncertain	795 (38.0)	1298 (62.0)	0.793 (0.715–0.879)	<0.001
Constant			1.068 (0.935–1.219)	0.331

Note: ^#Obstetrics and Gynecology hospital.

Abbreviations: UEBMI, Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance; URRBMI, Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance.