Factors Associated with Patient Trust in the Pharmacy Team: Findings from a Mixed Method Study Involving Patients with Asthma & COPD

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the Study Population

	N	Mean / %	SD	Min/Max
Age	290	60.6	12.5	21 / 86
Gender	290
Male	85	29.3
Female	205	70.7
Education level	290
Low (pre-vocational secondary education or lower)	44	15.2
Middle	118	40.7
High (higher professional education or higher)	122	42.1
Other	6	2.1
Occupational status	290
School going	10	3.5
Employed	73	25.2
Unemployed	7	2.4
Incapacitated	69	23.8
Househusband/wife	20	6.9
Pensioner	111	38.3
Native language	290
Dutch	283	97.6
Non-Dutch	7	2.4
Health status	290	3.7	0.8	1 (excellent) – 5 (bad)
Lung disease	290
Asthma	122	42.1
COPD	118	40.7
Asthma and COPD	50	17.2
Lung disease duration (years)	290	18.4	12.9	1 / 68

Abbreviations: SD, Standard deviation; Min, minimum; Max, maximum; COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Figure 1 The level of trust in the pharmacy team, pharmacist and pharmacy technician.

Table 2 Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis

Latent Construct	Cronbach’s Alpha
Expertise of the pharmacy	0.78 (good)
Patient-centredness: attention	0.91 (excellent)
Patient-centredness: engagement	0.69 (acceptable)
Information and communication	0.86 (good)
Personal relationship with the pharmacy	0.78 (good)
Opinions of peers	0.82 (good)

Table 3 Effects on the Level of Trust for the Three Dependent Variables: Pharmacy Team, Pharmacist and Pharmacy Technician

	Pharmacy Team		Pharmacist		Pharmacy Technician
	b	Std Error	b	Std Error	b	Std Error
Patient characteristics
Age	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Health status	−0.18	0.09	−0.07	0.11	−0.17	0.09
Type of disease (asthma=REF)	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref	Ref
COPD	0.09	0.17	−0.21	0.22	0.07	0.18
Asthma and COPD	−0.06	0.20	−0.32	0.26	0.12	0.22
Patients’ perception of pharmacy related characteristics
Expertise	0.23*	0.12	0.42***	0.15	0.20	0.13
Patient oriented: attention	0.05	0.11	−0.04	0.14	−0.04	0.12
Patient oriented: engagement	0.85***	0.15	0.87***	0.19	0.68***	0.16
Information and communication	0.36**	0.16	0.48**	0.21	0.62***	0.17
Personal relationship with the pharmacy	−0.12	0.11	−0.20	0.15	0.03	0.12
Opinions of peers	0.05	0.07	−0.03	0.09	0.08	0.08

Notes: ***p<0.01, **p<0.05, *P<0.10.

Abbreviations: b, B-coefficient; Std error, Standard Error; Ref, reference category; COPD, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.