The development and validation of the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention in Malaysia

Figures & data

Figure 1 The validation procedure of the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention.

Abbreviation: SQOP, Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention.

Table 1 Baseline demographic characteristics of participants

Characteristics	Control (n=70)	Intervention (n=70)	χ^2/t-valuea,c	P-value
Mean age ± SD, years (range)/median	58.51±7.06 (50–77)/56.00	60.57±7.26 (50–77)/60.00	−1.700	0.091
Age range, n (%)
<65 years	56 (80.0)	50 (71.4)	1.398	0.237
≥65 years	14 (20.0)	20 (28.6)
Ethnicity, n (%)
Malay	13 (18.6)	17 (24.3)
Chinese	31 (44.3)	29 (41.4)	2.467	0.495
Indian	24 (34.3)	19 (27.1)
Othersb	2 (2.9)	5 (7.1)
Mean BMI ± SD/median	25.33±6.50/23.52	25.32±5.75/23.63	0.003	0.997
BMI, n (%)
<18.5 (underweight)	5 (7.1)	5 (7.1)	0.833	0.841
18.5–24.9 (normal)	37 (52.9)	32 (45.7)
25.0–29.9 (overweight)	17 (24.3)	19 (27.1)
≥30.0 (obese)	11 (15.7)	14 (20.0)
Level of education, n (%)
Primary (6 years of education)	4 (5.7)	3 (4.3)
Secondary (11–13 years of education)	33 (47.1)	28 (40.0)
Diploma/technical (12–14 years of education)	15 (21.4)	14 (20.0)	1.727	0.631
Tertiary/postgraduate (15–21 years of education)	18 (25.7)	25 (35.7)

Notes:

a The chi-square test was used for all categorical variables, whilst the independent t-test was used for all continuous variables.

b Includes four Eurasians, one Portuguese, and one Thai.

c Fisher’s exact test was used as the number of cells with an expected count of less than five was more than 20% of the total number of cells.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Eigenvalue of the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention and the proportion of variance explained using promax and maximum likelihood

Factor	Before rotation			After rotation
	Eigenvalue	Percentage of variances	Cumulative percentage of variances	Eigenvalue	Percentage of variances	Cumulative percentage of variances
Factor 1	3.520	15.30	15.30	7.548	32.82	32.82
Factor 2	2.981	12.96	28.27	2.908	12.64	45.46
Factor 3	2.364	10.28	38.54	1.977	8.56	54.05
Factor 4	2.363	10.27	48.81	1.768	7.69	61.74
Factor 5	2.287	9.94	58.76	1.523	6.62	68.36
Factor 6	1.631	1.09	65.85	1.354	5.89	74.25
Factor 7	1.122	4.88	70.73	1.112	4.84	79.09

Table 3 Factor loading of items in the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention

Items	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 3	Factor 4	Factor 5	Factor 6	Factor 7
Q1	0.037	0.339	0.283	0.034	0.373	0.417	0.423
Q2	0.428	0.304	0.340	0.108	0.040	0.914	0.163
Q3	0.078	0.392	0.141	0.063	0.977	0.078	0.004
Q4	0.109	0.462	0.277	0.173	0.379	0.166	−0.120
Q5	0.122	0.046	−0.004	0.188	−0.058	0.082	0.451
Q6	−0.169	0.125	0.052	−0.035	0.826	−0.130	−0.001
Q7	0.502	0.427	0.298	0.387	−0.079	0.545	0.170
Q8	0.451	0.199	0.593	0.462	0.041	0.555	0.222
Q9	0.590	0.703	0.472	0.114	0.430	0.153	−0.035
Q10	0.761	0.232	0.403	0.049	0.066	0.258	0.008
Q11	0.788	0.225	0.603	0.433	0.036	0.472	0.384
Q12	0.519	0.250	0.383	0.367	−0.063	0.378	0.110
Q13	0.530	0.622	0.669	0.434	0.080	0.565	0.430
Q14	0.714	0.318	−0.035	0.338	−0.053	0.562	0.240
Q15	0.841	0.400	0.350	0.520	−0.019	0.365	0.210
Q16	0.432	0.315	0.563	0.910	0.164	0.094	0.010
Q17	−0.311	0.037	−0.633	−0.239	0.118	−0.112	0.106
Q18	0.363	0.675	0.338	0.164	0.227	0.404	0.243
Q19	0.331	0.701	0.159	0.178	0.257	−0.017	−0.286
Q20	−0.014	0.762	0.027	0.135	0.125	0.265	0.355
Q21	0.384	0.669	0.771	0.467	0.287	0.358	0.175
Q22	0.191	0.288	0.351	0.924	0.084	0.368	0.536
Q23	0.308	0.660	0.818	0.406	0.401	0.475	0.452

Table 4 Correlations between the factors resulting from the rotation using promax and maximum likelihood

	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	Q5	Q6	Q7	Q8	Q9	Q10	Q11	Q12	Q13	Q14	Q15	Q16	Q17	Q18	Q19	Q20	Q21	Q22	Q23
Correlation
Q1	10.000	0.320	0.351	0.336	−0.095	0.196	0.167	0.221	0.242	0.142	0.221	0.221	0.238	0.150	0.019	0.000	0.000	0.360	0.074	0.216	0.353	0.188	0.381
Q2	0.320	10.000	0.104	0.231	−0.116	−0.131	0.526	0.539	0.240	0.367	0.411	0.382	0.470	0.515	0.317	0.021	−0.207	0.368	0.084	0.109	0.334	0.078	0.367
Q3	0.351	0.104	10.000	0.390	−0.055	0.808	−0.016	0.038	0.435	0.082	0.038	−0.035	0.064	0.087	0.051	0.174	0.190	0.247	0.306	0.152	0.242	0.109	0.331
Q4	0.336	0.231	0.390	10.000	−0.110	0.170	0.193	0.154	0.448	−0.082	0.000	0.139	0.127	0.044	0.202	0.248	−0.195	0.131	0.515	0.140	0.451	0.109	0.378
Q5	−0.095	−0.116	−0.055	−0.110	10.000	−0.136	0.198	0.137	0.021	−0.004	0.239	0.013	0.228	0.211	0.226	0.082	0.150	0.081	−0.115	0.051	−0.027	0.317	0.125
Q6	0.196	−0.131	0.808	0.170	−0.136	10.000	−0.155	−0.101	0.147	−0.090	−0.101	−0.122	−0.167	−0.161	−0.132	0.076	0.298	−0.143	0.084	0.031	0.155	0.047	0.192
Q7	0.167	0.526	−0.016	0.193	0.198	−0.155	10.000	0.471	0.353	0.198	0.471	0.462	0.486	0.436	0.542	0.317	−0.113	0.316	0.352	0.237	0.348	0.324	0.366
Q8	0.221	0.539	0.038	0.154	0.137	−0.101	0.471	10.000	0.243	0.438	0.576	0.440	0.427	0.283	0.386	0.481	−0.449	0.337	0.051	−0.046	0.420	0.429	0.522
Q9	0.242	0.240	0.435	0.448	0.021	0.147	0.353	0.243	10.000	0.521	0.398	0.341	0.532	0.288	0.524	0.301	−0.218	0.435	0.574	0.351	0.557	0.031	0.508
Q10	0.142	0.367	0.082	−0.082	−0.004	−0.090	0.198	0.438	0.521	10.000	0.666	0.531	0.350	0.511	0.478	0.184	−0.240	0.431	0.204	−0.064	0.375	−0.046	0.280
Q11	0.221	0.411	0.038	0.000	0.239	−0.101	0.471	0.576	0.398	0.666	10.000	0.440	0.603	0.524	0.759	0.481	−0.449	0.337	0.051	−0.046	0.420	0.429	0.522
Q12	0.221	0.382	−0.035	0.139	0.013	−0.122	0.462	0.440	0.341	0.531	0.440	10.000	0.411	0.452	0.411	0.374	−0.272	0.189	0.115	−0.017	0.509	0.292	0.316
Q13	0.238	0.470	0.064	0.127	0.228	−0.167	0.486	0.427	0.532	0.350	0.603	0.411	10.000	0.370	0.640	0.455	−0.347	0.559	0.232	0.352	0.697	0.462	0.722
Q14	0.150	0.515	0.087	0.044	0.211	−0.161	0.436	0.283	0.288	0.511	0.524	0.452	0.370	10.000	0.690	0.175	0.144	0.301	0.165	0.207	0.170	0.291	0.148
Q15	0.019	0.317	0.051	0.202	0.226	−0.132	0.542	0.386	0.524	0.478	0.759	0.411	0.640	0.690	10.000	0.513	−0.250	0.285	0.301	0.110	0.397	0.433	0.382
Q16	0.000	0.021	0.174	0.248	0.082	0.076	0.317	0.481	0.301	0.184	0.481	0.374	0.455	0.175	0.513	10.000	−0.416	0.176	0.288	0.021	0.606	0.777	0.507
Q17	0.000	−0.207	0.190	−0.195	0.150	0.298	−0.113	−0.449	−0.218	−0.240	−0.449	−0.272	−0.347	0.144	−0.250	−0.416	10.000	−0.026	−0.025	0.301	−0.289	−0.127	−0.319
Q18	0.360	0.368	0.247	0.131	0.081	−0.143	0.316	0.337	0.435	0.431	0.337	0.189	0.559	0.301	0.285	0.176	−0.026	10.000	0.478	0.562	0.447	0.183	0.447
Q19	0.074	0.084	0.306	0.515	−0.115	0.084	0.352	0.051	0.574	0.204	0.051	0.115	0.232	0.165	0.301	0.288	−0.025	0.478	10.000	0.472	0.395	0.018	0.292
Q20	0.216	0.109	0.152	0.140	0.051	0.031	0.237	−0.046	0.351	−0.064	−0.046	−0.017	0.352	0.207	0.110	0.021	0.301	0.562	0.472	10.000	0.307	0.235	0.372
Q21	0.353	0.334	0.242	0.451	−0.027	0.155	0.348	0.420	0.557	0.375	0.420	0.509	0.697	0.170	0.397	0.606	−0.289	0.447	0.395	0.307	10.000	0.432	0.804
Q22	0.188	0.078	0.109	0.109	0.317	0.047	0.324	0.429	0.031	−0.046	0.429	0.292	0.462	0.291	0.433	0.777	−0.127	0.183	0.018	0.235	0.432	10.000	0.492
Q23	0.381	0.367	0.331	0.378	0.125	0.192	0.366	0.522	0.508	0.280	0.522	0.316	0.722	0.148	0.382	0.507	−0.319	0.447	0.292	0.372	0.804	0.492	1.000
Reproduced correlation
Q1	0.382	0.320	0.351	0.169	0.089	0.242	0.152	0.198	0.213	0.086	0.195	0.086	0.310	0.135	0.089	0.008	0.037	0.289	0.039	0.263	0.271	0.187	0.422
Q2	0.320	0.999	0.104	0.232	−0.115	−0.131	0.526	0.539	0.240	0.367	0.411	0.382	0.469	0.515	0.317	0.021	−0.207	0.368	0.084	0.109	0.334	0.078	0.367
Q3	0.351	0.104	0.999	0.389	−0.055	0.808	−0.016	0.039	0.435	0.083	0.038	−0.035	0.064	0.087	0.051	0.174	0.190	0.246	0.306	0.153	0.243	0.109	0.331
Q4	0.169	0.232	0.389	0.368	−0.150	0.238	0.179	0.159	0.365	0.072	0.027	0.111	0.238	0.040	0.091	0.258	−0.071	0.286	0.397	0.249	0.395	0.108	0.351
Q5	0.089	−0.115	−0.055	−0.150	0.319	−0.046	0.061	0.036	−0.012	0.057	0.250	0.064	0.158	0.213	0.237	0.086	0.099	0.065	−0.123	0.130	−0.002	0.317	0.101
Q6	0.242	−0.131	0.808	0.238	−0.046	0.746	−0.209	−0.087	0.186	−0.095	−0.116	−0.170	−0.124	−0.157	−0.160	0.076	0.186	0.034	0.094	0.004	0.069	0.047	0.170
Q7	0.152	0.526	−0.016	0.179	0.061	−0.209	0.489	0.408	0.318	0.328	0.438	0.383	0.505	0.497	0.493	0.318	−0.173	0.371	0.258	0.255	0.398	0.324	0.365
Q8	0.198	0.539	0.039	0.159	0.036	−0.087	0.408	0.594	0.228	0.347	0.579	0.415	0.522	0.307	0.431	0.480	−0.434	0.235	0.025	−0.047	0.481	0.429	0.501
Q9	0.213	0.240	0.435	0.365	−0.012	0.186	0.318	0.228	0.778	0.517	0.414	0.288	0.504	0.308	0.489	0.302	−0.159	0.518	0.597	0.332	0.565	0.031	0.528
Q10	0.086	0.367	0.083	0.072	0.057	−0.095	0.328	0.347	0.517	0.679	0.641	0.377	0.422	0.455	0.584	0.182	−0.310	0.292	0.203	−0.076	0.309	−0.046	0.292
Q11	0.195	0.411	0.038	0.027	0.250	−0.116	0.438	0.579	0.414	0.641	0.884	0.501	0.627	0.542	0.738	0.480	−0.413	0.306	0.031	−0.060	0.455	0.429	0.516
Q12	0.086	0.382	−0.035	0.111	0.064	−0.170	0.383	0.415	0.288	0.377	0.501	0.370	0.442	0.379	0.480	0.377	−0.296	0.250	0.154	0.043	0.369	0.292	0.338
Q13	0.310	0.469	0.064	0.238	0.158	−0.124	0.505	0.522	0.504	0.422	0.627	0.442	0.753	0.391	0.570	0.455	−0.321	0.515	0.291	0.368	0.672	0.462	0.716
Q14	0.135	0.515	0.087	0.040	0.213	−0.157	0.497	0.307	0.308	0.455	0.542	0.379	0.391	0.836	0.673	0.174	0.076	0.344	0.188	0.205	0.131	0.291	0.134
Q15	0.089	0.317	0.051	0.091	0.237	−0.160	0.493	0.431	0.489	0.584	0.738	0.480	0.570	0.673	0.806	0.515	−0.224	0.374	0.286	0.142	0.412	0.433	0.381
Q16	0.008	0.021	0.174	0.258	0.086	0.076	0.318	0.480	0.302	0.182	0.480	0.377	0.455	0.174	0.515	0.990	−0.418	0.174	0.288	0.020	0.603	0.777	0.507
Q17	0.037	−0.207	0.190	−0.071	0.099	0.186	−0.173	−0.434	−0.159	−0.310	−0.413	−0.296	−0.321	0.076	−0.224	−0.418	0.612	−0.024	0.010	0.290	−0.397	−0.127	−0.335
Q18	0.289	0.368	0.246	0.286	0.065	0.034	0.371	0.235	0.518	0.292	0.306	0.250	0.515	0.344	0.374	0.174	−0.024	0.508	0.422	0.485	0.475	0.184	0.500
Q19	0.039	0.084	0.306	0.397	−0.123	0.094	0.258	0.025	0.597	0.203	0.031	0.154	0.291	0.188	0.286	0.288	0.010	0.422	0.715	0.453	0.433	0.018	0.288
Q20	0.263	0.109	0.153	0.249	0.130	0.004	0.255	−0.047	0.332	−0.076	−0.060	0.043	0.368	0.205	0.142	0.020	0.290	0.485	0.453	0.791	0.329	0.235	0.365
Q21	0.271	0.334	0.243	0.395	−0.002	0.069	0.398	0.481	0.565	0.309	0.455	0.369	0.672	0.131	0.412	0.603	−0.397	0.475	0.433	0.329	0.784	0.432	0.770
Q22	0.187	0.078	0.109	0.108	0.317	0.047	0.324	0.429	0.031	−0.046	0.429	0.292	0.462	0.291	0.433	0.777	−0.127	0.184	0.018	0.235	0.432	10.000	0.492
Q23	0.422	0.367	0.331	0.351	0.101	0.170	0.365	0.501	0.528	0.292	0.516	0.338	0.716	0.134	0.381	0.507	−0.335	0.500	0.288	0.365	0.770	0.492	0.865
Residual
Q1		0.000	0.000	0.167	−0.184	−0.047	0.015	0.023	0.029	0.056	0.026	0.135	−0.072	0.016	−0.069	−0.008	−0.037	0.071	0.035	−0.047	0.082	0.000	−0.041
Q2	0.000		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Q3	0.000	0.000		0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.001	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
Q4	0.167	0.000	0.000		0.040	−0.068	0.014	−0.005	0.083	−0.154	−0.027	0.029	−0.111	0.003	0.112	−0.009	−0.124	−0.155	0.117	−0.109	0.056	0.000	0.027
Q5	−0.184	0.000	0.000	0.040		−0.090	0.137	0.101	0.033	−0.061	−0.011	−0.051	0.070	−0.002	−0.011	−0.004	0.051	0.015	0.008	−0.079	−0.025	0.000	0.024
Q6	−0.047	0.000	0.000	−0.068	−0.090		0.054	−0.013	−0.039	0.005	0.016	0.049	−0.042	−0.005	0.028	0.000	0.112	−0.178	−0.010	0.026	0.086	0.000	0.023
Q7	0.015	0.000	0.000	0.014	0.137	0.054		0.063	0.035	−0.130	0.033	0.079	−0.019	−0.060	0.049	−0.001	0.060	−0.055	0.094	−0.018	−0.050	0.000	0.000
Q8	0.023	0.000	0.000	−0.005	0.101	−0.013	0.063		0.016	0.091	−0.003	0.025	−0.095	−0.023	−0.045	0.001	−0.014	0.103	0.025	0.001	−0.061	0.000	0.021
Q9	0.029	0.000	0.000	0.083	0.033	−0.039	0.035	0.016		0.004	−0.016	0.054	0.028	−0.020	0.036	−0.002	−0.060	−0.082	−0.023	0.019	−0.008	0.000	−0.020
Q10	0.056	0.000	0.000	−0.154	−0.061	0.005	−0.130	0.091	0.004		0.024	0.153	−0.072	0.056	−0.106	0.002	0.069	0.139	0.001	0.012	0.066	0.000	−0.013
Q11	0.026	0.000	0.000	−0.027	−0.011	0.016	0.033	−0.003	−0.016	0.024		−0.061	−0.024	−0.018	0.021	0.000	−0.036	0.031	0.020	0.014	−0.035	0.000	0.006
Q12	0.135	0.000	0.000	0.029	−0.051	0.049	0.079	0.025	0.054	0.153	−0.061		−0.031	0.074	−0.069	−0.003	0.024	−0.061	−0.038	−0.060	0.140	0.000	−0.022
Q13	−0.072	0.000	0.000	−0.111	0.070	−0.042	−0.019	−0.095	0.028	−0.072	−0.024	−0.031		−0.021	0.070	0.001	−0.026	0.045	−0.059	−0.015	0.025	0.000	0.005
Q14	0.016	0.000	0.000	0.003	−0.002	−0.005	−0.060	−0.023	−0.020	0.056	−0.018	0.074	−0.021		0.018	0.001	0.068	−0.042	−0.022	0.002	0.039	0.000	0.014
Q15	−0.069	0.000	0.000	0.112	−0.011	0.028	0.049	−0.045	0.036	−0.106	0.021	−0.069	0.070	0.018		−0.002	−0.026	−0.089	0.015	−0.032	−0.015	0.000	0.001
Q16	−0.008	0.000	0.000	−0.009	−0.004	0.000	−0.001	0.001	−0.002	0.002	0.000	−0.003	0.001	0.001	−0.002		0.001	0.003	0.000	0.001	0.003	0.000	0.000
Q17	−0.037	0.000	0.000	−0.124	0.051	0.112	0.060	−0.014	−0.060	0.069	−0.036	0.024	−0.026	0.068	−0.026	0.001		−0.001	−0.035	0.011	0.108	0.000	0.016
Q18	0.071	0.000	0.001	−0.155	0.015	−0.178	−0.055	0.103	−0.082	0.139	0.031	−0.061	0.045	−0.042	−0.089	0.003	−0.001		0.056	0.076	−0.028	0.000	−0.052
Q19	0.035	0.000	0.000	0.117	0.008	−0.010	0.094	0.025	−0.023	0.001	0.020	−0.038	−0.059	−0.022	0.015	0.000	−0.035	0.056		0.020	−0.038	0.000	0.004
Q20	−0.047	0.000	0.000	−0.109	−0.079	0.026	−0.018	0.001	0.019	0.012	0.014	−0.060	−0.015	0.002	−0.032	0.001	0.011	0.076	0.020		−0.023	0.000	0.007
Q21	0.082	0.000	0.000	0.056	−0.025	0.086	−0.050	−0.061	−0.008	0.066	−0.035	0.140	0.025	0.039	−0.015	0.003	0.108	−0.028	−0.038	−0.023		0.000	0.035
Q22	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000		0.000
Q23	−0.041	0.000	0.000	0.027	0.024	0.023	0.000	0.021	−0.020	−0.013	0.006	−0.022	0.005	0.014	0.001	0.000	0.016	−0.052	0.004	0.007	0.035	0.000

Table 5 Psychometric properties of the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention

Items	Questions	Corrected item-total correlation	Cronbach’s α if item deleted	Cronbach’s α	Domains
1	The service was conducted at a time that _______ (fill in the blank) for you	0.508	0.527	0.661	Accessibility/convenience
2	During the session, what did you think about the time given to discuss your problems with the pharmacist?	0.486	0.549
3	How would you rate the location of this service?	0.432	0.618
4	How would you rate the comfort of the location?	0.363	–	0.531	Physical
12	If you have questions about osteoporosis, would you ask the pharmacist?	0.363	–
5	Was the pharmacist easy to talk to?	0.378	–	0.535	Technical quality
9	How would you rate the service provided by the pharmacist?	0.378	–
6*	How would you rate the advice given by the pharmacist?				Interpersonal relationship
7	How would you rate the overall quality of service that was given by the pharmacist to you?	0.439	0.801	0.812	Outcomes/efficacy
8	This pharmacist service should _______ (fill in the blank)	0.426	0.803
10	What do you think about having the same pharmacist to see you for subsequent osteoporosis care?	0.263	0.813
13	Pharmacist in other hospitals should ______ (fill in the blank) this service	0.574	0.788
14	How would you rate the amount of information provided to prevent falls?	0.500	0.797
15	How would you rate the amount of information provided to change your diet to prevent bone loss?	0.480	0.799
18	How would you rate the amount of information provided on the exercises to help strengthen bones?	0.551	0.791
19	Would you pay for a pharmacist counseling service?	0.421	0.802
20	If yes, how much are you willing to pay for each visit to the pharmacist? If you are not willing to pay anything for the service, please proceed to question 18	0.509	0.794
21	How would you rate your understanding of osteoporosis now?	0.440	0.801
22	Explanation of osteoporosis	0.446	0.800
23	Explanation of consequences of untreated osteoporosis	0.543	0.793
11*	Explanation on how osteoporosis can be prevented via lifestyle change(s)				Continuity
16*	Explanation on the available methods to screen for osteoporosis				Finance
17#	Osteoporosis booklet provided

Notes:

* There was only one item in these domains, hence Cronbach’s α could not be conducted.

# This was an optional question, hence it was excluded from the calculation of Cronbach’s α.

Table 6 Test and retest reliability of the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention

Items	Control group							Spearman’s correlation test*
	Test (n=70)		Retest (n=70)		Wilcoxon–signed rank test
	Mean ± SD	Median	Mean ± SD	Median	Mean/rank	z score	P-value
1	3.17±0.72	3.00	3.13±0.78	3.00	4.00/4.00	−1.134	0.257	0.938
2	2.90±0.98	3.00	2.91±1.03	3.00	1.00/2.00	−0.447	0.655	0.978
3	3.73±1.23	4.00	3.74±1.21	5.00	4.00/4.00	−0.378	0.705	0.949
4	3.59±1.17	4.00	3.63±1.17	5.00	9.33/8.00	−0.688	0.491	0.877
5	3.26±1.37	3.00	3.31±1.37	4.25	0.00/2.50	−2.000	0.046*	0.983
6	3.49±1.13	4.00	3.23±1.22	4.00	8.32/4.50	−2.508	0.012*	0.745
7	3.59±0.81	4.00	3.63±0.85	4.00	3.00/3.00	−1.342	0.180	0.958
8	3.29±0.95	3.00	3.13±1.06	4.00	8.61/5.50	−1.639	0.101	0.726
9	3.14±0.97	3.00	3.11±0.93	4.00	3.50/3.50	−0.816	0.414	0.955
10	3.36±0.84	3.00	3.41±0.83	4.00	3.50/5.10	−1.100	0.271	0.908
11	3.91±1.03	4.00	3.86±0.92	5.00	5.25/4.50	1.155	0.248	0.925
12	3.33±0.78	3.00	3.33±0.78	3.25	1.50/1.50	0.000	1.000	0.996
13	2.41±1.10	3.00	2.31±0.96	3.00	11.09/8.50	−1.170	0.242	0.802
14	2.20±0.97	2.00	2.19±1.01	3.00	9.00/8.00	−0.229	0.819	0.862
15	2.20±0.97	2.50	2.13±0.95	3.00	11.82/12.28	−0.923	0.356	0.796
16	2.01±1.35	1.00	1.99±1.29	3.00	3.33/2.50	−0.707	0.480	0.947
17	3.25±1.71	4.00	3.73±1.61	5.00	0.00/1.00	−1.000	0.317	0.726
18	3.01±0.12	3.00	3.00±0.00	3.00	1.00/0.00	−1.000	0.317	0.981
19#
20#
21#
22#
23#
Total	61.87±8.76	61.18	61.23±8.96	61.77	29.79/24.41	−1.580	0.114	0.941
Items	Intervention group							Spearman’s correlation test
	Test (n=70)		Retest (n=62)		Wilcoxon–signed rank test
	Mean ± SD	Median	Mean ± SD	Median	Mean/rank	t-value	P-value
1	4.49±0.79	5.00	4.55±0.92	5.00	7.50/5.00	−1.387	0.166	0.818
2	4.47±0.85	5.00	4.50±0.99	5.00	4.50/4.50	−1.414	0.157	0.849
3	4.67±0.76	5.00	4.69±0.78	5.00	3.50/3.50	−0.816	0.414	0.868
4	4.49±0.68	5.00	4.63±0.73	5.00	5.50/5.50	−2.530	0.011*	0.794
5	4.27±1.01	5.00	4.35±0.98	5.00	0.00/3.50	−2.333	0.020*	0.900
6	4.97±0.17	5.00	4.97±0.18	5.00	1.50/1.50	0.000	1.000	0.483
7	4.60±0.49	5.00	4.68±0.47	5.00	4.00/4.00	−1.890	0.059	0.769
8	4.83±0.38	5.00	4.84±0.37	5.00	2.50/2.50	0.000	1.000	0.762
9	4.31±0.60	4.00	4.39±0.58	4.00	3.00/3.60	−1.667	0.096	0.815
10	4.81±0.46	5.00	4.79±0.48	5.00	2.50/2.50	0.000	1.000	0.794
11	4.51±0.78	5.00	4.42±0.90	5.00	2.50/1.00	−1.069	0.285	0.910
12	4.66±0.66	5.00	4.69±0.64	5.00	3.00/3.00	−1.342	0.180	0.822
13	4.43±0.75	5.00	4.50±0.74	5.00	0.00/3.50	−2.449	0.014*	0.869
14	4.40±0.75	5.00	4.45±0.74	5.00	5.50/5.50	−1.265	0.206	0.751
15	4.46±0.76	5.00	4.47±0.76	5.00	2.50/2.50	−1.000	0.317	0.915
16	2.76±1.47	3.00	2.28±1.48	3.00	0.00/1.00	−1.000	0.317	0.967
17	3.25±1.48	4.00	3.23±1.42	3.50	1.00/0.00	−1.000	0.317	0.987
18	4.64±0.54	5.00	4.69±0.50	5.00	0.00/2.00	−1.732	0.083	0.929
19	4.20±4.67	4.00	4.29±0.49	4.00	3.50/3.50	−1.633	0.102	0.785
20	4.06±0.59	4.00	4.19±0.62	4.00	6.00/6.00	−2.111	0.035*	0.798
21	4.26±0.50	4.00	4.37±0.52	4.00	4.50/5.06	−2.309	0.021*	0.699
22	4.19±0.55	4.00	4.23±0.64	4.00	3.50/3.50	−1.633	0.102	0.849
23	4.44±0.50	4.00	4.77±0.42	5.00	0.00/11.50	−4.690	0.000*	0.459
Total	88.10±5.87	88.18	89.36±5.98	89.09	13.79/25.79	−4.995	0.000*	0.948

Notes:

* Statistically significant at P<0.05.

** Item 17 was excluded from the total score calculation as it was an optional question.

# The control group was not required to answer items 19–23 as these items were specifically assessing the satisfaction of the intervention conducted.

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

Table 7 Comparison of psychometric properties of the Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention to other validated patient satisfaction instruments

	SQOP	OPSQ^Citation19	OPSAT-Q^Citation18	PSQ^Citation17	PSQ-An^Citation28	DMET^Citation26	DDSM-Q^Citation25	PEQD^Citation27
Number of subjects	140	180	104	1,583	312	202	114	1,472
Age,* years	59.5±7.2	65.6±9.3	65.1±10.3	65.4	60.2±11.8	55.7	61.9±9.4	51.0±16.0
Type of study	RCT	RCT	Observational	RCT	Observational	Observational	Observational	RCT
Number of items	23	16	16	20	11	73	31	12
Number of domains	7	2	4	6	2	2	3	4
Cronbach’s α	0.81	0.86	0.72–0.89	0.61–0.93	0.83	0.79–0.95	–	0.73–0.84
Factor analysis: number of components	7	1	–	5	–	13	3	–
Number of times administered	Twice	Once	Twice	Once	Twice	Once	Once	Twice (n=202)
Interval between administration	2 weeks	NA	2 weeks	NA	4 weeks	NA	NA	66±14 days*
Test–retest reliability: intraclass correlation	0.46–0.98	NA	0.62–0.81	NA	0.45–0.67	NA	NA	0.66–0.83

Note:

* Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviations: DDSM-Q, Diabetes Disease State Management Questionnaire; DMET, Diabetes Management Evaluation tool; NA, not applicable; OPSAT-Q, Osteoporosis Patient Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire; OPSQ, Osteoporosis Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire; PEQD, Patients’ Evaluation of the Quality of Diabetes Care; PSQ, Preference and Satisfaction Questionnaire; PSQ-An, Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire for Anemia Treatment; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SQOP, Satisfaction Questionnaire for Osteoporosis Prevention.

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