Antidepressant medication treatment patterns in Asian patients with major depressive disorder

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline patient demographics and clinical characteristics (n=569)

Characteristic	Patients with only baseline assessment (n=139)	Patients with baseline and endpoint assessments (n=430)	P-value
Women, n (%)	93 (66.9)	290 (67.4)	0.9069
Married, n (%)	93 (66.9)	301 (70.0)	0.5962
PPS+, n (%)	87 (62.6)	226 (52.6)	0.0388
Comorbidities, n (%)
0	109 (79.6)	349 (81.5)	0.7575
1	21 (15.3)	63 (14.7)
1+	7 (5.1)	16 (3.7)
Employment status, n (%)
Full-time	58 (42.6)	140 (32.6)	0.0117
Part-time	11 (8.1)	29 (6.8)
Student	7 (5.1)	27 (6.3)
Retired	6 (4.4)	65 (15.2)
Unemployed	54 (39.7)	168 (39.2)
CGI-S, mean (SD)	4.60 (0.75)	4.76 (0.72)	0.0094
HAMD-17 total score, mean (SD)	24.24 (5.90)	23.96 (5.55)	0.6021
EQ-5D tariff score, mean (SD)	0.48 (0.36)	0.44 (0.34)	0.1697
EQ-5D VAS score, mean (SD)	47.50 (21.12)	45.80 (19.65)	0.3275

Abbreviations: CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression–Severity; EQ-5D, EuroQOL Questionnaire-5 Dimensions; HAMD-17, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; PPS, painful physical symptoms; SD, standard deviation; VAS, visual analog scale.

Figure 1 Time to antidepressant medication discontinuation (n=430).

Table 2 Mean daily doses taken by study participants for the most commonly used ADs

Group	Name	Number of patients	Dose (mg/day)
			Mean (SD)	Range
SSRIs	Escitalopram	52	9.81 (4.20)	5–20
	Fluoxetine	60	20.50 (11.11)	10–80
	Paroxetine	67	19.01 (6.68)	10–45
SNRIs	Venlafaxine	55	89.13 (49.46)	25–263
	Duloxetine	15	38.00 (17.81)	30–90
TCAs	Dosulepin	7	42.86 (18.90)	25–75
	Trazodone	5	80.00 (67.08)	50–200
Other ADs	Mirtazapine	46	25.36 (11.70)	4–60
	Bupropion	12	156.25 (59.47)	75–300

Abbreviations: ADs, antidepressants; SD, standard deviation; SNRIs, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; TCAs, tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants.

Table 3 Outcomes at 3 months by clinician-reported adherence (n=426)

Outcome	Nonadherent (n=62)	Adherent (n=364)	P-value	Adjusted difference (95% CI)a
CGI-S, mean (SD)	2.85 (1.28)	2.19 (1.10)	0.0001	0.64 (0.38; 0.90)
HAMD-17 total score, mean (SD)	11.59 (7.31)	6.98 (5.70)	<0.0001	4.54 (3.12; 5.96)
EQ-5D tariff score, mean (SD)	0.68 (0.32)	0.82 (0.24)	0.0007	−0.13 (−0.19; −0.06)
EQ-5D VAS score, mean (SD)	67.20 (19.93)	74.68 (19.77)	0.0024	−7.85 (−12.77; −2.94)
Response, n (%)
No	30 (49.2)	78 (21.4)
Yes	31 (50.8)	286 (78.6)	<0.0001	3.97 (2.12; 7.45)
Remission, n (%)
No	42 (68.9)	145 (39.8)
Yes	19 (31.1)	219 (60.2)	<0.0001	4.30 (2.21; 8.38)

Notes: Percentages may not equal 100 due to rounding.

a Adjusted difference using linear regression models for CGI-S, HAMD-17, EQ-5D VAS, and EQ-5D tariff and logistic regression models for response and remission. For linear regression models, values correspond to coefficient (95% CI); for logistic regression models, values correspond to odds ratio (95% CI).

Abbreviations: 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; CGI-S, Clinical Global Impression–Severity; EQ-5D, EuroQOL Questionnaire-5 Dimensions; HAMD-17, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; SD, standard deviation; VAS, visual analog scale.