Figures & data
Figure 1 Study flow diagram of the identification process of RCTs for inclusion in this meta-analysis.
![Figure 1 Study flow diagram of the identification process of RCTs for inclusion in this meta-analysis.](/cms/asset/ac0cd080-3986-43a0-a8f7-2f05fe408f29/dppa_a_84762_f0001_b.jpg)
Table 1 Characteristics of seven included studies
Table 2 Characteristics of patients in seven included studies
Table 3 Methodological quality assessment of included studies
Table 4 Main results of the included studies
Figure 3 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of the percentage of hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction, representing the MDs (rectangles) and 95% CI (horizontal lines) for trials that compared carvedilol and propranolol.
Abbreviations: MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; HVPG, hepatic vein pressure gradient.
![Figure 3 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of the percentage of hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction, representing the MDs (rectangles) and 95% CI (horizontal lines) for trials that compared carvedilol and propranolol.](/cms/asset/c1c242b3-844a-4683-9991-bed548eea8b0/dppa_a_84762_f0003_c.jpg)
Figure 4 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of the percentage of hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction.
Abbreviations: MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; HVPG, hepatic vein pressure gradient.
![Figure 4 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of the percentage of hepatic vein pressure gradient reduction.](/cms/asset/2ebd799e-05d0-41cf-bed6-f0d85495c885/dppa_a_84762_f0004_c.jpg)
Figure 5 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of hemodynamic nonresponders, representing the RRs (rectangles) and 95% CI (horizontal lines) for trials that compared carvedilol and propranolol.
Abbreviations: RRs, risk ratios; CI, confidence interval; M–H, Mantel–Haenszel; HVPG, hepatic vein pressure gradient.
![Figure 5 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of hemodynamic nonresponders, representing the RRs (rectangles) and 95% CI (horizontal lines) for trials that compared carvedilol and propranolol.](/cms/asset/3ed3c454-9407-430b-90ef-c1cec2eff33a/dppa_a_84762_f0005_c.jpg)
Figure 6 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of hemodynamic nonresponders.
Abbreviations: RRs, risk ratios; CI, confidence interval; M–H, Mantel–Haenszel; HVPG, hepatic vein pressure gradient.
![Figure 6 Subgroup analysis (fixed-effect model) of hemodynamic nonresponders.](/cms/asset/7b316738-1f43-4025-b90f-9a26f9d4d4ac/dppa_a_84762_f0006_c.jpg)
Figure 7 Subgroup analysis (random-effect model) of the percentage of mean arterial pressure reduction, representing the MDs (rectangles) and 95% CI (horizontal lines) for trials that compared carvedilol and propranolol.
Abbreviations: MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse variance; MAP, mean arterial pressure reduction.
![Figure 7 Subgroup analysis (random-effect model) of the percentage of mean arterial pressure reduction, representing the MDs (rectangles) and 95% CI (horizontal lines) for trials that compared carvedilol and propranolol.](/cms/asset/cf2f9ca0-9c85-4155-adda-5cb32e2258b2/dppa_a_84762_f0007_c.jpg)
Table 5 %MAP reduction of the included studies
Figure 8 MD (fixed-effect model) of the percentage of mean arterial pressure reduction (%MAP reduction) between carvedilol and propranolol in acute treatment trials, excluding one study with unclear risk. The heterogeneity test is also performed.
![Figure 8 MD (fixed-effect model) of the percentage of mean arterial pressure reduction (%MAP reduction) between carvedilol and propranolol in acute treatment trials, excluding one study with unclear risk. The heterogeneity test is also performed.](/cms/asset/9a919eb9-05bb-43d8-b3de-5f267f92f169/dppa_a_84762_f0008_c.jpg)