Physical activity and sociodemographic variables related to global health, quality of life, and psychological factors in breast cancer survivors

Figures & data

Figure 1 Differences in the subscales of psychological model profile.

Figure 2 Differences in the subscales of EORTCC30^a.

Note: ^aQuality of life questionnaire measured by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Module. Abbreviation: EORTC, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.

Table 1 Means, SD, and t-values

Variable	Control group (n=82)		Low fitness group (n=89)		t-value
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
POMS
Tension	12.73	4.07	9.92	3.99	4.55***
Depression	14.72	4.81	9.29	4.17	7.89***
Vigor	15.23	3.03	18.76	3.89	−6.57***
Anger	7.18	4.51	4.92	3.24	3.78
Fatigue	13.36	4.54	8.83	4.35	6.66***
Confusion	4.48	3.36	3.28	2.46	2.69
Total	136.98	16.75	118.12	13.80	8.06***
SES	32.67	6.07	41.61	3.30	−12.08
STAI	42.66	6.73	35.28	3.02	9.78***
Global healtha	51.62	14.84	73.22	9.92	−11.26
Physical	67.07	15.89	91.76	10.73	−11.98
Role	66.05	19.32	94.00	15.33	−10.51***
Emotional	50.60	21.26	73.22	15.56	−7.97
Cognitive	73.78	23.57	94.38	12.79	−7.17
Social	75.40	24.17	93.07	16.05	−5.66
Symptoms	28.33	10.77	15.12	8.13	9.08

Notes:

*** p<0.001.

a Quality of life questionnaire measured by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Module (EORTC QLQ C30).

Abbreviations: POMS, Profile of Mood States; SES, Self-Esteem Scale; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; EORTC, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.

Table 2 Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients

	MET	Depression POMS	SES	STAI	Global health	Physical	Role	Emotional	Cognitive	Social
MET	1	−0.552**	0.633**	−0.442**	0.674**	0.643**	0.615**	0.487**	0.417**	0.396**
Depression POMS		1	−0.552**	0.523**	−0.629**	−0.549**	−0.486**	−0.653**	−0.345**	−0.467**
SES			1	−0.424**	0.685**	0.655**	0.613**	0.434**	0.531**	0.461**
STAI				1	−0.488**	−0.547**	−0.470**	−0.543**	−0.426**	−0.295**
Global health					1	0.765**	0.760**	0.600**	0.528**	0.611**
Physicala						1	0.785**	0.522**	0.604**	0.690**
Rolea							1	0.482**	0.624**	0.628**
Emotionala								1	0.390**	0.461**
Cognitivea									1	0.513**
Sociala										1

Notes:

** p<0.01.

a Quality of life questionnaire measured by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Module (EORTC QLQ, BR30).

Abbreviations: MET, metabolic equivalent of task; POMS, Profile of Mood States; SES, Self-Esteem Scale; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; EORTC, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.

Table 3 Summary of regression analyses to assess the impact of predictors MET, age, stage of cancer, marital status, educational status, income; participants aged ≤51 years

Dependent variable	Explanatory variables β	Coefficient’s value	(95% CI)	SE	Beta	pv	VIF	F (pv)	r^Citation2
Depression POMS	MET	−0.005**	(−0.006, −0.003)	0.001	−0.553	<0.01	1.000	33.858 (<0.01)	0.305
SES	MET	0.004**	(0.002, 0.006)	0.001	0.409	<0.01	1.231	17.572 (<0.01)	0.413
	Income	2.515*	(0.257, 4.773)	1.133	0.215	0.029<0.05	1.202
	Education	3.052*	(0.198, 5.906)	1.433	0.210	0.036<0.05	1.246
STAI	MET	−0.003**	(−0.006, −0.001)	0.001	−0.297	0.008<0.01	1.165	11.363 (<0.01)	0.230
	Education	−4.835*	(−4.835, −1.121)	1.865	−0.282	0.011<0.05	1.165
Global healtha	MET	0.016**	(0.012, 0.021)	0.002	0.624	<0.01	1.124	38.466 (<0.01)	0.503
	Income	5.917*	(0.561, 11.274)	2.689	0.189	0.031<0.05	1.124
Physicala	MET	0.014**	(0.009, 0.020)	0.003	0.514	<0.01	1.174	18.725 (<0.01)	0.428
	Income	9.110**	(2.867, 15.353)	3.134	0.269	0.005<0.01	1.129
	C stage	−7.9821*	(−15.108, −0.534)	3.658	−0.191	0.036<0.05	1.044
Rolea	MET	0.021**	(0.014, 0.028)	0.003	0.573	<0.01	1.209	21.158 (<0.01)	0.458
	Education	15.342**	(4.993, 25.751)	5.225	0.279	0.004<0.01	1.250
	Age	1.120*	(0.198, 2.042)	0.463	0.223	0.018<0.05	1.176
Emotionala	MET	0.017**	(0.010, 0.024)	0.003	0.495	<0.01	1.000	24.987 (<0.01)	0.245
Cognitivea	Education	19.624**	(8.456, 30.792)	5.607	0.361	0.001<0.01	1.165	16.836 (<0.01)	0.307
	MET	0.011**	(0.004, 0.019)	0.004	0.306	0.004<0.01	1.165
Sociala	Income	13.034**	(4.638, 21.430)	4.214	0.308	0.003<0.01	1.129	12.957 (<0.01)	0.341
	MET	0.013**	(0.006, 0.020)	0.004	0.366	0.001<0.01	1.174
	C stage	−14.149**	(−23.949, −4.349)	4.919	−0.275	0.005<0.01	1.04

Notes:

** p<0.01;

* p<0.05.

a Quality of life questionnaire measured by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Module (EORTC QLQ, C30).

Abbreviations: POMS, Profile of Mood States; SES, Self-Esteem Scale; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; EORTC, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer; C stage, cancer stage.

Table 4 Summary of regression analyses to assess the impact of predictors MET, age, stage of cancer, marital status, educational status, income; participants aged ≥52 years

Dependent variable	Explanatory variables β	Coefficient’s value	(95% CI)	SE	Beta	pv	VIF	F (pv)	r^Citation2
Depression	MET	−0.005**	(−0.008, −0.003)	0.001	−0.397	<0.01	1.000	11.106 (<0.01)	0.200
POMS	Family status	2.137*	(0.083, 4.191)	1.034	0.196	0.042<0.05	1.000
SES	MET	0.008**	(0.005, 0.011)	0.002	0.448	<0.01	1.316	24.303 (<0.01)	0.453
	Education	3.108*	(0.613, 5.603)	1.255	0.221	0.015<0.05	1.284
	Income	3.249*	(0.598, 5.900)	1.334	0.202	0.017<0.05	1.104
STAI	MET	−0.008**	(−0.011, −0.004)	0.002	−0.387	<0.01	1.000	15.880 (<0.01)	0.150
Global healtha	MET	0.018**	(0.011, 0.025)	0.004	0.425239	<0.01	1.086	29.392 (<0.01)	0.398
	Income	14.706*	(7.770, 21.643)	3.491	0.361152	<0.01	1.086
Physicala	MET	0.020**	(0.011, 0.030)	0.005	0.434994	<0.01	1.263	21.152 (<0.01)	0.322
	Education	8.492*	(0.852, 16.133)	3.845	0.216629	0.030<0.05	1.263
Rolea	MET	0.017**	(0.007, 0.028)	0.005	0.312	0.001<0.01	1.096	11.728 (<0.01)	0.286
	Cancer stage	−11.818**	(−19.978, −3.658)	4.106	−0.264	0.005<0.01	1.033
	Income	11.022*	(1.050, 20.994)	5.018	0.208	0.031<0.05	1.102
Emotionala	MET	0.027**	(0.016, 0.038)	0.005	0.473	<0.01	1.000	25.933 (<0.01)	0.224
Cognitivea	MET	0.017**	(0.007, 0.027)	0.005	0.326	0.001<0.01	1.000	7.712 (<0.01)	0.148
	Family status	−8.761*	(−17.378, −0.143)	4.334	−0.198	0.046<0.05	1.000
Sociala	Cancer stage	−12.732**	(−21.806, −3.657)	4.567	−0.274	0.006<0.01	1.018	8.383 (<0.01)	0.159
	MET	0.015*	(0.003, 0.026)	0.006	0.255	0.011<0.05	1.018

Notes:

** p<0.01;

* p<0.05.

a Quality of life questionnaire measured by EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire Breast Module (EORTC QLQ, C30).

Abbreviations: POMS, Profile of Mood States; SES, Self-Esteem Scale; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; EORTC, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.

ZainalNRNik-JaafarNRBaharudinASabkiZANgCGPrevalence of depression in breast cancer survivors: a systematic review of observational studiesAsian Pac J Cancer Prev2013142649265623725190

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