Effects of Online Social Support and Perceived Social Support on the Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Problematic Smartphone Usage Among Chinese Undergraduates

Figures & data

Figure 1 The proposed moderated mediating model.

Table 1 The Participants’ Background Characteristics (N=1123)

Variables		N	(%)	Variables		N	(%)
Sex	Male	419	37.4	Subject	Anesthesia	51	4.5
	Female	704	62.6		Forensic	53	4.7
Grade	Freshman	346	30.8		Oral medicine	57	5.1
	Sophomore	414	36.9		Traditional Chinese medicine	162	14.4
	Junior	363	32.3		Rehabilitation	74	6.6
Family Origin	Urban	636	56.6		Applied Psychology	83	7.4
	Rural	487	43.4		Psychiatry	85	7.6
One-child family	One-child	531	47.3		General medicine	227	20.2
	More than one child	592	52.7		Preventive medicine	90	8.0
					Public management	121	10.8
					Clinical medicine	120	10.7

Table 2 Descriptive Statistics and Correlations Between Variables

	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5
1.Sex	0.37	0.48	1
2.Family Origin	0.58	0.49	−.004	1
3.PS	2.81	0.45	−.127***	−.042	1
4.OSS	3.30	0.64	−.017	−.114***	0.177***	1
5.MPA	2.86	0.64	−.070*	−.038	0.231***	0.125***	1
6.PSS	5.12	1.20	−.117***	−.025	0.142***	0.305***	−.077**

Notes: N=1123. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: PS, perceived stress; OSS, online social support; MPA, mobile phone addiction; PSS, perceived social support.

Table 3 Bootstrapping Indirect Effects and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for the Mediation Model

Model Pathways	Effect Size	SE	Bias-Corrected CI (95%)
	Standarized β
PS→MPA	0.211***	0.030	[0.153, 0.269]
PS→OSS→MPA	0.014*	0.007	[0.002, 0.030]
Total effect	0.225***	0.029	[0.168, 0.283]

Notes: N=1123. *p<0.05, ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: PS, perceived stress; OSS, online social support; MPA, mobile phone addiction.

Table 4 Testing the Moderated Mediation Effect of Perceived Stress on Mobile Phone Addiction

Mediated Moderation
95%Bias-corrected Confidence Interrals
Dependent variable	Int	Effect	Boot SE	LLCI	ULCI
OSS	Int1	−0.078*	0.024	−0.126	−0.030
MPA	Int1	0.012	0.038	−0.069	0.078
MPA	Int2	−0.006	0.038	−0.090	0.060
Dependent variable	Level of PSS	Effect	Boot SE	LLCI	ULCI
OSS	Low(−1SD)	0.199***	0.035	0.131	0.267
	Mean	0.121***	0.029	0.065	0.178
	High(+1SD)	0.044	0.041	−0.036	0.123

Notes: N=1123. *p<0.05, ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: PS, perceived stress; OSS, online social support; MPA, mobile phone addiction; PSS, perceived social support; Int1, PS*PSS; Int2, OSS*PSS.

Figure 2 Interaction between PS and PSS on online social support.

Abbreviations: PS, perceived stress; OSS, online social support; PSS, perceived social support.