Teachers’ Mental Health and Self-Reported Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ecuador: A Mixed-Methods Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Mean, Standard Deviation, 95% CI and Mean Differences for Sociodemographic and Teaching Characteristics in Relation to CORE-10, PSS-10 and Life Satisfaction Scores

Characteristics	CORE-10			PSS-10			Life Satisfaction
	Mean (SD)	95% CI^a	Mean Difference [95% CI]^a	Mean (SD)	95% CI^a	Mean Difference [95% CI]^a	Mean (SD)	95% CI^a	Mean Difference [95% CI]^a
Gender			0.06 [−0.02, 0.22]			2 [0.38, 3.1]			0.1 [−015, 0.41]
Women	1 (0.65)	[0.96,1.13]		14(6.8)	[13.3, 15.09]		8.3(1.4)	[8.11,8.46]
Men	0.94(0.58)	[0.86,1.04]		12(6.7)	[11.31, 13.31		8.2(1.4)	[7.93,8.37]
Responsibilities			0.18 [0.03, 0.27]			2 [0.93, 3.5]			−0.1 [−0.38, 0.18]
Yes	1.1(0.62)	[0.99,1.16]		14(6.5)	[13.63, 15.36]		8.2(1.4)	[8.0, 8.36]
No	0.92(0.61)	[0.83,1.01]		12(7.0)	[11.12, 13.24]		8.3(1.4)	[8.07, 8.48]
Teaching level			0.33 [0.12, 0.49]			2 [0.38, 4.2]			−0.3 [−0.69, 0.11]
K-12 education	1.3(0.61)	[1.09,1.46]		15(6)	[13.63, 17.05]		8(1.3)	[8.11,8.41]
Higher education	0.97(0.61)	[0.9,1.03]		13(6.9)	[12.37, 13.87]		8.3(1.4)	[7.58,8.33]
Previous experience with online education			−0.2 [−0.32, −0.07]			−3 [−3.7, −1.1]			0.4 [0.09, 0.64]
Yes	0.9(0.6)	[0.83,0.98]		12(6.8)	[11.31, 13.19]		8.4(1.4)	[8.22,8.6]
No	1.1(0.63)	[1.01,1.19]		15(6.6)	[13.61, 15.52]		8(1.4)	[7.86,8.23]
Previous training for online education			−0.3 [−0.41, −0.15]			−3 [−4.4, −1.7]			0.5 [0.29, 0.87]
Yes	0.9(0.57)	[0.82,0.97]		12(0.66)	[11.39, 13.18]		8.4(1.3)	[8.27,8.59]
No	1.2(0.66)	[1.08,1.28]		15(0.68)	[14.19, 16.46]		7.9(1.4)	[7.62,8.1]
Training for online education during the pandemic			0 [−0.15, 0.1]			−1 [−1.8, 1.4]			0.2 [−0.13, 0.58]
Yes	1(0.64)	[0.92,1.07]		13(0.69)	[12.53,14.15]		8.3(1.4)	[8.12,8.42]
No	1(0.54)	[0.9,1.13]		14(0.64)	[12.2,14.98]		8.1(1.5)	[7.75,8.36]

Notes: ^aBootstrapped 95% Confidence Interval.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CORE-10, Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation −10; PSS-10, Perceived Stress Scale.

Table 2 Categories and Codes of Coping Strategies

Category	Definition	Codes (n)
Social support	Activities to create or maintain relationships with other people.	Social support (189)
Healthy living	Activities focused on maintaining physical health.	Physical activity (137)
		Health-related habits (38)
		Organizing and scheduling (21)
Leisure activities	Leisure-time activities that show no direct intent to develop a new skill or learning.	Leisure activities (166)
		Other (32)
Mental health promotion	Activities focused on maintaining emotional well-being and promoting self-care.	Psycho-emotional activities (33)
		Attitude (80)
		Meditation (47)
		Rationalization (18)
		News avoidance (15)
		Professional support (9)
Work and study	Activities focused on professional and/or academic growth that demonstrate direct intent to develop a new skill or ability.	Work-related (43)
		Study-related (35)
Spiritual activities	Activities aligned with spirituality and/or religious rites, including the enjoyment of contact with nature.	Spirituality and religiously oriented (48)
		Nature (20)
Avoidance activities	Various activities with the explicit purpose of keeping busy.	Busy mind (28)