Exploring The Role of Guanxi in CSR performance and Knowledge Management of a Stakeholder Network: A Case of iStone, China

Figures & data

Figure 1 A representation of C’s guanxi network.

Figure 2 Research model.

Table 1 Demographic Characteristics of the 325 Respondents

Characteristic	Division	Number	Percentage %
Job function	Human resources	37	11.4
	Production	82	25.2
	Marketing	54	16.7
	Sales	43	13.2
	Supply chain	68	20.9
	Management	41	12.6
Education	Doctoral	44	13.5
	Master’s	133	40.9
	Bachelor	75	23.1
	Below bachelor degree	73	22.5
Industry experience	Less than five years	87	26.8
	Five to ten years	138	42.5
	More than ten years	100	30.7

Figure 3 Representation of X’s guanxi network.

Table 2 Demographic Characteristics of the 55 Respondents

Characteristic	Division	Number	Percentage %
Job function	Human resources	4	7.3
	Production	12	21.8
	Marketing	17	30.9
	Sales	6	10.9
	Supply chain	9	16.4
	Management	7	12.7
Education	Doctoral	7	12.7
	Master’s	22	40.0
	Bachelor	18	32.7
	Below bachelor degree	8	14.6
Industry experience	Less than five years	21	38.2
	Five to ten years	23	41.8
	More than ten years	11	20.0

Table 3 Descriptive Statistics Result

Variable	Item	Loading	CR	Cronbach’s α	KMO
Guanxi	GX1	0.812	0.704	0.906	0.893
	GX2	0.894
	GX3	0.806
	GX4	0.798
	GX5	0.746
	GX6	0.725
Knowledge Exchange	KE1	0.739	0.728	0.863
	KE2	0.721
	KE3	0.834
	KE4	0.674
	KE5	0.786
	KE6	0.808
Corporate Social Responsibility Performance	CSP1	0.846	0.718	0.889
	CSP2	0.829
	CSP3	0.683
	CSP4	0.792
	CSP5	0.704
	CSP6	0.727

Table 4 Bivariate Correlation Matrix

Variable	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. JF	0.031	0.305	1.000
2. ED	0.029	0.241	0.019	1.000
3. IE	0.022	0.174	0.014	0.012	1.000
4. SH	4.365	1.108	0.064	0.038	0.019	1.000
5. GX	4.797	1.021	0.114	0.076	0.023	0.346	1.000
6. KE	4.126	1.019	0.021	0.025	0.017	−0.427	0.458	1.000
7. CSRP	3.274	0.936	0.047	0.016	0.038	−0.382	0.403	0.361	1.000

Figure 4 Hypothesis testing results **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

Table 5 Regression Analysis Results

Variable	Dependent Variable: Knowledge Exchange
	M1		M2		M3
	β	VIF	β	VIF	β	VIF
Independent variable
Structural holes	−0.462**	1.367	−0.403	1.224	−0.416***	1.304
Moderator variable
Guanxi			0.374*	1.126	0.357***	1.268
Interaction term
Guanxi × Structural holes					0.534***	1.212
Δ statistics
R^2	0.135		0.161		0.182
ΔR^2	0.135		0.026**		0.021***
F	36.375		41.659		47.871
ΔF	36.375		5.284**		6.212***

Notes: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

Figure 5 Interaction between guanxi and structural holes in knowledge exchange.

Figure 6 How guanxi moderates the negative impact of structural holes.

Figure 7 How guanxi interacts with structural holes to facilitate knowledge exchange.