Psychosocial Adaptation Among Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and Disease Characteristics and Univariate Analysis of Factors Influencing Psychological Adaptation of Participants (n=191)

Variables	Categories	Frequency	Percentage (%)	Total Score of Psychosocial Adaptation	t/F	P
Gender	Male	115	60.21	110.23±15.86	−1.019	0.310
	Female	76	39.79	112.57±15.03
Age (year)	18~44	98	51.31	108.65±16.79	2.670	0.072
	45~59	69	36.13	113.93±13.50
	≥60	24	12.56	113.42±14.49
BMI (kg/m^2)	<18.5	23	12.04	109.48±14.80	0.838	0.475
	18.5~24	112	58.64	112.08±15.32
	24~28	41	21.47	111.56±15.92
	≥28	15	7.85	105.73±17.46
Education level	Primary school and below	10	5.23	110.70±15.45	0.442	0.778
	Secondary school	52	27.23	111.77±15.14
	Senior high school or equivalent	50	26.18	110.74±17.05
	Junior college	28	14.66	108.04±15.87
	Bachelor degree and above	51	26.70	112.75±14.53
Marital status	Unmarried	28	14.66	111.14±14.59	0.987	0.375
	Married	161	84.29	110.97±15.74
	Divorced	2	1.05	126.50±0.71
Permanent address	Urban area	138	72.25	111.20±15.96	0.055	0.956
	Rural area	53	27.75	111.06±14.51
Living arrangement	Live alone	11	5.76	105.36±15.83	0.939	0.393
	Live with family	173	90.58	111.39±15.67
	Live at school or work dormitory	7	3.66	114.43±10.68
Occupational status	Full-time job	144	75.40	110.94±15.59	0.385	0.681
	Part-time job	4	2.09	105.75±14.03
	Unemployment	43	22.51	112.37±15.69
Annual household income (Yuan)	<30,000	36	18.85	109.00±16.08	1.300	0.272
	30,000~49,999	47	24.61	108.79±16.44
	50,000~100,000	61	31.93	111.97±15.63
	>100,000	47	24.61	113.68±13.76
Medical payment	Self-paying	20	10.47	110.55±18.81	0.017	0.983
	Rural cooperative medical	42	21.99	111.24±14.54
	Urban resident medical insurance	129	67.54	111.22±15.43
Duration of disease (year)	<1	27	14.14	111.96±14.18	0.029	0.993
	1~4	97	50.78	110.96±16.38
	5~9	34	17.80	111.12±17.39
	≥10	33	17.28	111.12±12.34
Times of hospitalization	<5	159	83.25	111.86±15.55	1.388	0.167
	≥5	32	16.75	107.69±15.25
Current disease status	Remission stage	115	61.21	113.74±14.09	2.879	0.004
	Active stage	76	39.79	107.25±16.85
Extra-intestinal manifestations	Yes	43	22.51	104.05±15.21	3.509	0.001
	No	148	77.49	113.22±15.06
Comorbidity	Yes	49	25.65	108.96±16.70	1.149	0.252
	No	142	74.50	111.92±15.10

Table 2 Scores of Resilience, Psychosocial Adaptation and General Family Functioning of Participants (n=191)

Variables	Score Range	Actual Score ()	Average Score of Items ()	Rank
RS-IBD	27~100	73.42±16.69	2.94±0.67
Family support	2~12	10.04±2.34	3.35±0.78	1
Disease management	5~16	12.83±2.55	3.21±0.64	2
Positive illness perception	4~20	15.26±4.03	3.05±0.81	3
Emotional regulation	1~16	11.82±3.24	2.96±0.81	4
Proactive response to difficulties	3~24	16.73±4.91	2.79±0.82	5
Support from fellow IBD patients	0~12	6.73±3.52	2.24±1.17	6
Psychosocial adaptation questionnaire	70~144	111.16±15.54	3.83±0.54
Body image	5~15	13.53±2.09	4.51±0.70	1
Anxiety/depression	17~50	40.53±7.59	4.05±0.76	2
Self-efficacy	5~25	19.18±3.86	3.84±0.77	3
Sleep disorder	5~20	14.40±3.23	3.60±0.81	4
Attitude	4~20	13.74±3.41	3.43±0.85	5
Social support	3~15	9.78±3.39	3.26±1.13	6
GFF	16~36	27.04±3.74	3.00±0.42

Abbreviations: RS-IBD, Resilience Scale for Inflammatory Bowel Disease; GFF, General Family Functioning Scale.

Table 3 Correlations Between Resilience, General Family Functioning and Psychosocial Adaptation in Participants (n=191)

Variables	Psychosocial Adaptation	Anxiety/Depression	Sleep Disorder	Self-Efficacy	Body Image	Social Support	Attitude
RS-IBD	0.533^b	0.316^b	0.08	0.525^b	0.288^b	0.418^b	0.461^b
Disease management	0.504^b	0.335^b	0.139	0.498^b	0.342^b	0.227^b	0.416^b
Proactive response to difficulties	0.494^b	0.299^b	0.106	0.530^b	0.286^b	0.289^b	0.420^b
Positive illness perception	0.575^b	0.434^b	0.156^a	0.390^b	0.329^b	0.370^b	0.493^b
Emotional regulation	0.487^b	0.325^b	0.059	0.504^b	0.262^b	0.297^b	0.412^b
Family support	0.363^b	0.234^b	0.159^a	0.206^b	0.282^b	0.347^b	0.230^b
Support from fellow IBD patients	0.126	−0.113	−0.210^b	0.345^b	−0.086	0.484^b	0.206^b
GFF	0.432^b	0.275^b	0.298^b	0.182^a	0.294^b	0.298^b	0.391^b

Notes: ^ap<0.05; ^bp<0.01.

Abbreviations: RS-IBD, Resilience Scale for Inflammatory Bowel Disease; GFF, General Family Functioning Scale.

Table 4 Multivariate Linear Regression Analyses of Predictors of Psychosocial Adaptation in Participants

	Unstandardized Regression Coefficient (B)	Standard Error	Standardized Regression Coefficient (β)	t-value	P-value
Constant	45.539	6.956		6.547	<0.001
Positive illness perception	1.700	0.301	0.440	5.656	<0.001
GFF	1.190	0.227	0.286	5.245	<0.001
Disease management	1.218	0.450	0.200	2.709	0.007
Support from fellow IBD patients	−0.829	0.272	−0.188	−3.043	0.003
Extra-intestinal manifestations	−4.684	2.003	−0.126	−2.338	0.020
Current disease status	−3.747	1.689	−0.118	−2.219	0.028

Notes: R = 0.714, R² = 0.509, Adjusted R² = 0.493, F = 31.842, P<0.001.

Abbreviation: GFF, General Family Functioning Scale.