Investigation of the Negative Emotions Exhibited in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI and Any Influencing Factors

Figures & data

Table 1 Distribution of General Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI (n=202, %)

Variables	Group	Case (n)	Percentage (%)
Sex	Male	141	69.8
	Female	61	30.2
Age	<60 years	75	37.1
	≥60 years	127	62.9
Educational level	Illiteracy	12	5.9
	Primary school	69	34.2
	Junior high school	55	27.2
	High school or secondary school	41	20.3
	College	15	7.4
	Bachelor’s degree and above	10	5.0
Marital status	Married	174	86.1
	Others	28	13.9
Working status	Working	63	31.2
	Not employed	139	68.8
Per capita monthly household income	≤1000 yuan	32	15.9
	1001~3000 yuan	76	37.6
	3001~5000 yuan	60	29.7
	>5000 yuan	34	16.8
Payment methods	All at own expense	6	3.0
	Self-pay + medical insurance	193	95.5
	All medical insurance payment	3	1.5

Table 2 Lifestyle Data of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI (n=202, %)

Variables	Group	Case	Percentage (%)
Smoking	No	115	56.9
	Yes	87	43.1
Cigarettes per day	1~10	17	19.5
	11~20	44	50.6
	≥21	26	29.9
Drinking	No	160	79.2
	Yes	42	20.8
Drinking tea	No	93	46.0
	Yes	109	54.0
Frequency of drinking tea	Rarely	7	6.4
	Occasionally (1–2 times/week)	24	22.0
	Often (≥3 times/week)	21	19.3
	Frequent (almost every day)	57	52.3
Drinking coffee	No	188	93.1
	Yes	14	6.9
Frequency of drinking coffee	Rarely	7	50.0
	Occasionally (1–2 times/week)	6	42.9
	Often (≥3 times/week)	1	7.1
Exercise	No	82	40.6
	Yes	120	59.4
Exercise frequency	Rarely	7	5.8
	Occasionally (1–2 times/week)	30	25.0
	Often (≥3 times/week)	35	29.2
	Frequent (almost every day)	48	40.0
Main sports type	Running	7	5.8
	Walking	93	77.5
	Badminton	1	0.8
	Swimming	2	1.7
	Do exercises	2	1.7
	Dancing	9	7.5
	Cycling	2	1.7
	Others	4	3.3
Duration of each exercise	<30 minutes	29	24.2
	30 to 60 minutes	60	50.0
	>60 minutes	31	25.8
Stick to exercise time	<3 month	18	15.0
	≥3 month	102	85.0
Post-operative primary caregiver	NO	14	6.9
	Child	75	37.1
	Spouse	111	55.0
	Care workers	2	1.0
Level of family support	Very little support	0	0.0
	General support	16	7.9
	Very supportive	186	92.1
Level of friend support	Very little support	4	2.0
	General support	63	31.2
	Very supportive	135	66.8
Sleep	Normal	86	42.6
	Disorder	116	57.4
When sleep problems occur	Before PCI	10	8.6
	After PCI	31	26.7
	Presence before and after PCI	75	64.7

Table 3 Disease Data of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI (n=202, %)

Variables	Group	Case (n)	Percentage (%)
Elevated body temperature after PCI	No	201	99.5
	Yes	1	0.5
Reason for stent implantation	Acute myocardial infarction	94	46.5
	Prior myocardial infarction	30	14.9
	Unstable angina	47	23.3
	Acute coronary syndrome	21	10.4
	Others	10	4.9
Comorbidities	Arrhythmia	13	6.4
	Heart failure	5	2.5
	Others	184	91.1
Hypertension	No	64	31.7
	Yes	138	68.3
Diabetes	No	154	76.2
	Yes	48	23.8
Hyperlipidemia	No	169	83.7
	Yes	33	16.3
Number of stent implants	1 time	160	79.2
	2 times	38	18.8
	3 times	4	2.0
Number of stents implanted (pcs)	1	103	51.0
	2	70	34.6
	3	23	11.4
	≥4	6	3.0
Coronary artery distribution	Left Coronary Dominance	26	12.9
	Right Coronary Dominance	122	60.4
	Left and Right Coronary Balance	54	26.7
Coronary angiography diagnostic report	Single-vessel disease	14	6.9
	Double-vessel disease	43	21.3
	Three-vessel disease or more	145	71.8
Postoperative medication compliance	Basic law	108	53.5
	Occasionally forget	56	27.7
	Often forget	16	7.9
	Stop taking the drug after symptoms improve	18	8.9
	Discontinuation of medication due to stomach pain and other discomfort	2	1.0
	Discontinue medication as ordered	2	1.0
Type of medication	Chinese medicine and proprietary Chinese medicine	1	0.5
	Western medicine	200	99.0
	Western medicine + Chinese medicine and proprietary Chinese medicine	1	0.5
Follow-up	Regular follow-up	57	28.2
	Irregularly, go to the doctor when you have time	12	6.0
	Irregularly, do not go to the doctor if have no symptoms	116	57.4
	Little follow-up	17	8.4
Follow-up interval (months)	1	44	77.1
	2	3	5.2
	3	1	1.8
	6	1	1.8
	8	1	1.8
	9	6	10.5
	12	1	1.8

Table 4 Negative Emotional Status of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI (n=202, %)

Variables	Score	Emotional State (n/%)
		Normal	Edge State	Abnormal
Total Negative Emotion Score	17.01±7.60
Anxiety	6.08±2.92	143(70.8)	42(20.8)	17(8.4)
Depression	4.57±2.73	69(34.2)	53(26.2)	80(39.6)
Introverted agitation	2.51±2.20	164(81.2)	25(12.4)	13(6.4)
Extroverted agitation	3.86±2.28	152(75.2)	31(15.3)	19(9.4)

Table 5 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI in Different Genders ()

Male	Depression	Anxiety	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total Score
Male	5.86±2.90	4.13±2.64	2.32±2.25	3.88±2.32	16.19±7.73
Female	6.59±2.94	5.57±2.70	2.95±2.02	3.80±2.20	18.92±6.70
t	−1.631	−3.497	−1.971	0.222	−2.463
P	0.106	0.001	0.051	0.824	0.015

Table 6 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI at Different Ages ()

Age	Depression	Anxiety	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total SCORE
<60 years	5.45±2.52	4.11±2.51	2.28±2.17	4.03±2.26	15.87±6.97
≥60 years	6.45±3.10	4.84±2.83	2.65±2.21	3.76±2.30	17.69±7.90
t	5.590	3.460	1.311	0.666	2.746
P	0.019	0.064	0.254	0.416	0.099

Table 7 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores in Patients with Different Educational Levels of Coronary Heart Disease After PCI ()

Educational Level	Anxiety	Depression	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total Score
Illiteracy	6.42±3.12	8.42±2.84	3.83±2.12	3.83±2.12	22.50±7.51
Primary school	5.19±2.80	7.16±3.12	3.04±2.22	4.36±2.53	19.75±7.97
Junior high school	4.11±2.51	5.45±2.54	2.15±1.88	3.49±2.15	15.20±6.29
High school or secondary school	4.22±2.55	5.17±2.64	2.39±2.58	3.90±2.10	15.68±7.53
College	4.06±2.66	4.53±2.39	1.47±1.46	2.93±1.75	13.00±6.84
Bachelor’s degree and above	2.80±2.10	5.30±1.34	1.30±1.42	3.60±2.17	13.00±2.79
F	3.379	6.464	3.506	1.501	5.973
P	0.006	<0.001	0.005	0.191	<0.001

Note: The numerical data among different groups were compared using the one-way ANOVA.

Table 8 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI with Different Marital Status ()

Marital Status	Anxiety	Depression	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total Score
Married	4.48±2.76	5.89±2.74	2.36±2.19	3.83±2.24	16.56±7.51
Others	5.14±2.53	7.25±3.73	3.46±2.01	4.00±2.55	19.86±7.69
t	1.435	5.323	6.307	0.128	4.627
P	0.232	0.022	0.013	0.721	0.033

Table 9 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI in Different Working States ()

Working Status	Anxiety	Depression	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total Score
Not employed	4.85±2.78	6.32±3.05	2.69±2.36	3.92±2.31	17.78±7.83
Working	3.95±2.53	5.54±2.58	2.11±2.06	3.71±2.23	15.32±6.82
t	2.260	1.775	1.801	0.603	2.156
P	0.025	0.077	0.074	0.548	0.032

Table 10 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI with per Capita Monthly Income of Different Families ()

Income Level (Yuan)	Anxiety	Depression	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total Score
≤1000	5.44±2.61	7.03±2.98	3.56±2.22	4.50±2.17	20.53±6.70
1001~3000	4.83±2.84	6.72±3.19	2.74±2.29	3.85±2.34	18.14±8.12
3001~5000	3.98±2.64	5.45±2.45	2.03±1.96	3.63±2.33	15.10±6.96
>5000	4.21±2.57	4.85±2.43	1.85±1.96	3.65±2.14	14.56±6.74
F	2.478	5.646	4.958	1.139	5.664
P	0.062	0.001	0.002	0.334	0.001

Table 11 Comparison of Negative Emotion Scores in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After PCI in Different Sleep States ()

Sleep State	Anxiety	Depression	Introverted Agitation	Extroverted Agitation	IDA Total Score
Normal	3.42±2.34	4.55±2.20	2.03±2.11	3.79±2.24	13.79±6.51
Abnormal	5.42±2.70	7.22±2.88	2.86±2.20	3.91±2.31	19.40±7.49
t	−5.635	−7.463	−2.705	−0.354	−5.564
P	<0.001	<0.001	0.007	0.724	<0.001